Quick answer
IUCN status: Near ThreatenedGreen Imperial Pigeon at a glance
The Green Imperial Pigeon (Ducula aenea) is a bird in the family Columbidae. In Indonesia, observation records come mainly from Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatra. Diet: fruit-eater (frugivore); a herbivore. IUCN Red List status: Near Threatened.
| Scientific name | Ducula aenea |
|---|---|
| Indonesian name | Pergam hijau |
| Group | Birds |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Observation records | Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatra |
| Taxonomic group | Columbiformes |
| GBIF records | 4,671 human-observation records, 2016–2026 |
| Data retrieved | 2026-09-23 |
| IUCN status | Near Threatened · IUCN Red List (via GBIF) · checked 1 October 2026 |
| Diet type | Herbivore (plant-eater) — fruit-eater (frugivore) · BirdLife DataZone |
| Reproduction | Laying eggs (oviparous) · Vigie-Nature École (MNHN) |
| Active | Diurnal (active by day) · EltonTraits 1.0 (Wilman et al. 2014, Ecology 95:2027), BirdFuncDat.txt |
In this guide (12)
What is the Green Imperial Pigeon?
Green Imperial Pigeon refers to Ducula aenea, in the genus Ducula, family Columbidae, and order Columbiformes. The scientific name follows the accepted taxon in the GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Common names can vary between places; the scientific name distinguishes this species from relatives.
What is known about the Green Imperial Pigeon?
The green imperial pigeon is a large forest pigeon; its size and green wings help separate it from smaller green-pigeons.
Read that fact alongside the scientific name and species source, not as proof from an unclear photograph. Populations, ages and taxonomic limits can differ; when identification is uncertain, record the broader group.
Evidence: Species account — background reading ↗
How many Indonesian records name the Green Imperial Pigeon?
When checked on 2026-09-23, the GBIF search returned 4,671 human-observation records from Indonesia under this species name for 2016–2026. That is a count of indexed records, not an estimate of population, abundance or unique individuals. Observation effort can vary by location, and the count may change as records are added or identifications revised.
Evidence: GBIF occurrence search — Indonesia, human observations, 2016–2026 ↗
Where were observations reported?
Place labels appearing in the results include Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatra. They are labels attached to records, not a complete range map or evidence that the species occurs only there. Some labels may be broad or inconsistent. Check the underlying records before using the location information for field decisions.
Evidence: GBIF occurrence search — Indonesia, human observations, 2016–2026 ↗
How can you observe the Green Imperial Pigeon?
Record the date, broad location, voice and visible plumage without approaching nests or young. A clear, distant photograph is more useful than disturbing a bird for a closer view. A well-documented sighting helps others check the identification without turning one encounter into a conservation-status claim.
Explore related animals
To explore this group further, compare Green Imperial Pigeon with Black-naped Fruit Dove, Gray-cheeked Green-Pigeon, Asian Emerald Dove. These links reflect a shared genus, family, order, class or catalogue group; taxonomic proximity does not imply identical habitat needs or conservation status.
Scientific classification of the Green Imperial Pigeon
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Ducula |
| Species | Ducula aenea |
Source: GBIF Backbone Taxonomy, adjusted to the ranks commonly used in school biology (for example class Reptilia).
Common questions about the Green Imperial Pigeon
What is the scientific name of the Green Imperial Pigeon?
The scientific name of the Green Imperial Pigeon is Ducula aenea, in the family Columbidae and the order Columbiformes. In Indonesian it is called Pergam hijau.
What kind of animal is the Green Imperial Pigeon?
The Green Imperial Pigeon is a bird in the family Columbidae. By diet it is a herbivore (plant-eater): a fruit-eater (frugivore).
Where does the Green Imperial Pigeon live in Indonesia?
Observation records of the Green Imperial Pigeon summarised in this guide mainly come from Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatra. That list is not a complete range map.
What does the Green Imperial Pigeon eat?
The Green Imperial Pigeon is a fruit-eater (frugivore). That makes it a herbivore (plant-eater). Source: BirdLife DataZone.
How does the Green Imperial Pigeon reproduce?
The Green Imperial Pigeon reproduces by laying eggs (oviparous). Source: Vigie-Nature École (MNHN).
Is the Green Imperial Pigeon nocturnal?
The cited source records the Green Imperial Pigeon as diurnal (active by day). Source: EltonTraits 1.0 (Wilman et al. 2014, Ecology 95:2027), BirdFuncDat.txt.
See also the list of nocturnal and diurnal animals in Indonesia.
What is the scientific classification of the Green Imperial Pigeon?
Scientific classification of the Green Imperial Pigeon: kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Aves, order Columbiformes, family Columbidae, genus Ducula, species Ducula aenea.
Source: GBIF Backbone Taxonomy, adjusted to the ranks commonly used in school biology.
Is the Green Imperial Pigeon endangered?
Not yet in a threatened category, but close to one. On the IUCN Red List, the Green Imperial Pigeon is listed as Near Threatened: it is close to qualifying, or likely to qualify, for a threatened category in the near future. Source: IUCN Red List (via GBIF), checked 1 October 2026.
This global category is separate from legal protection in Indonesia. To check whether the Green Imperial Pigeon is a protected species, consult the current national list of protected species or contact the local BKSDA (natural resources conservation office).
Sources & references
- GBIF Backbone Taxonomy — accepted taxon ↗
- GBIF occurrence search — Indonesia, human observations, 2016–2026 ↗
- iNaturalist — exact species taxon and community observations ↗
- Species account — background reading ↗
- BirdLife DataZone ↗
- Vigie-Nature École (MNHN) ↗
- EltonTraits 1.0 (Wilman et al. 2014, Ecology 95:2027), BirdFuncDat.txt ↗
- GBIF Backbone Taxonomy (GBIF) ↗
- IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, version 2026-1, via GBIF (CC BY 4.0) ↗
References can change. Check dates and context in the original source. How we use sources and data →
Cite this page
Credit PanduanHewan when referring to this page. Check the original evidence sources before reusing a claim.
PanduanHewan. Green Imperial Pigeon (Ducula aenea). Last substantive update: 1 October 2026. https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ducula-aenea/