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PANDUANHEWAN · INDONESIA

Lowland anoa

A small buffalo relative from Sulawesi and Buton. Forest life, water sources, and hunting pressures are central to the anoa’s conservation story.

About this guideCompiled and checked against the listed sources; not yet expert reviewed.

Distinguishing two anoa names

This profile uses Bubalus depressicornis for lowland anoa, distinct from Bubalus quarlesi. The specialist group notes continuing debate over anoa taxonomy. Do not assign species from elevation or a single photograph alone; the names lowland and mountain are not a complete identification key.

Forest with access to water

ESABII places lowland anoa in primary, secondary, and wet forest habitats. The research it summarises identifies the importance of water and food plants. Habitat protection should consider those resources rather than simply whether trees remain inside a mapped patch.

Wild cattle with a different social pattern

Adult anoa often live alone, while calves stay with their mothers. This differs from the familiar picture of domestic cattle herds. Wallows and mineral sources can concentrate activity, so several animals at one site do not necessarily form a permanent herd.

Hunting and habitat are connected

The specialist group identifies hunting and habitat loss as principal threats. New access can change pressure on a forest even while some vegetation appears intact. Conservation support should include field protection and community work alongside research on anoa numbers and distribution.

Learn through conservation networks

Action Indonesia links expertise for anoa, banteng, and babirusa. They share some conservation needs but have different biology. Use the related profiles to compare herbivores and omnivores without assuming every hoofed mammal follows the same way of life.

Sources & references

  1. IUCN SSC Asian Wild Cattle Specialist Group — Anoa ↗
  2. Japan Ministry of the Environment ESABII — Lowland anoa ↗
  3. Action Indonesia — Species management programmes ↗

References can change. Check dates and context in the original source.