# Oviparous, viviparous and ovoviviparous animals of Indonesia

> What oviparous (egg-laying), viviparous (live-bearing) and ovoviviparous mean, with Indonesian animal examples of each.

Source: https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oviparous-viviparous-ovoviviparous/ · Updated 1 October 2026 · English · Bahasa Indonesia: https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ovipar-vivipar-ovovivipar/
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## laying eggs (oviparous) (162)

| Name | Scientific name | Group | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| [American cockroach](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/american-cockroach/) | *Periplaneta americana* | Invertebrates | Eggs are laid inside a capsule (ootheca) holding about 14–16 eggs. |
| [Ashy Drongo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicrurus-leucophaeus/) | *Dicrurus leucophaeus* | Birds |  |
| [Asian Common Toad](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/duttaphrynus-melanostictus/) | *Duttaphrynus melanostictus* | Amphibians |  |
| [Asian Emerald Dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chalcophaps-indica/) | *Chalcophaps indica* | Birds |  |
| [Asian honey bee](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-honey-bee/) | *Apis cerana* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Asian House Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemidactylus-frenatus/) | *Hemidactylus frenatus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Asian water monitor](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/varanus-salvator/) | *Varanus salvator* | Reptiles |  |
| [Asian Weaver Ant](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oecophylla-smaragdina/) | *Oecophylla smaragdina* | Invertebrates | Only queens lay eggs; unfertilised eggs develop into males. |
| [Bali myna](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bali-myna/) | *Leucopsar rothschildi* | Birds |  |
| [Banded krait](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banded-krait/) | *Bungarus fasciatus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Banded Malaysian coral snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banded-malaysian-coral-snake/) | *Calliophis intestinalis* | Reptiles |  |
| [Barn owl](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/barn-owl/) | *Tyto alba* | Birds |  |
| [Barn Swallow](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hirundo-rustica/) | *Hirundo rustica* | Birds |  |
| [Black Sunbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leptocoma-sericea/) | *Leptocoma sericea* | Birds |  |
| [Black-capped lory](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-capped-lory/) | *Lorius lory* | Birds |  |
| [Black-naped Fruit Dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ptilinopus-melanospilus/) | *Ptilinopus melanospilus* | Birds |  |
| [Black-naped Monarch](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hypothymis-azurea/) | *Hypothymis azurea* | Birds |  |
| [Black-naped Oriole](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oriolus-chinensis/) | *Oriolus chinensis* | Birds |  |
| [Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemipus-hirundinaceus/) | *Hemipus hirundinaceus* | Birds |  |
| [Black-winged myna](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-winged-myna/) | *Acridotheres melanopterus* | Birds |  |
| [Blue Pansy](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/junonia-orithya/) | *Junonia orithya* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Blue-tailed Bee-eater](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/merops-philippinus/) | *Merops philippinus* | Birds |  |
| [Blyth's Hornbill](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhyticeros-plicatus/) | *Rhyticeros plicatus* | Birds |  |
| [Brahminy Kite](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/haliastur-indus/) | *Haliastur indus* | Birds |  |
| [Brown Honeyeater](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lichmera-indistincta/) | *Lichmera indistincta* | Birds |  |
| [Brown-banded Bamboo Shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chiloscyllium-punctatum/) | *Chiloscyllium punctatum* | Marine | Lays rounded egg cases, two at a time. |
| [Brown-throated Sunbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/anthreptes-malacensis/) | *Anthreptes malacensis* | Birds |  |
| [Cave Swiftlet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/collocalia-linchi/) | *Collocalia linchi* | Birds |  |
| [Cerulean Kingfisher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/alcedo-coerulescens/) | *Alcedo coerulescens* | Birds |  |
| [Chalky Percher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/diplacodes-trivialis/) | *Diplacodes trivialis* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Collared kingfisher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/todiramphus-chloris/) | *Todiramphus chloris* | Birds |  |
| [Common Four-clawed Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gehyra-mutilata/) | *Gehyra mutilata* | Reptiles |  |
| [Common hill myna](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/common-hill-myna/) | *Gracula religiosa* | Birds |  |
| [Common Iora](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aegithina-tiphia/) | *Aegithina tiphia* | Birds |  |
| [Common Sandpiper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/actitis-hypoleucos/) | *Actitis hypoleucos* | Birds |  |
| [Common Southeast Asian Tree Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/polypedates-leucomystax/) | *Polypedates leucomystax* | Amphibians | Eggs are laid in a foam nest on vegetation or rocks at the edge of shallow pools. |
| [Common Wolf Snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lycodon-capucinus/) | *Lycodon capucinus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Coppersmith Barbet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/psilopogon-haemacephalus/) | *Psilopogon haemacephalus* | Birds |  |
| [Crab-eating Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/fejervarya-cancrivora/) | *Fejervarya cancrivora* | Amphibians |  |
| [Crested serpent eagle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crested-serpent-eagle/) | *Spilornis cheela* | Birds |  |
| [Crocodile monitor](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crocodile-monitor/) | *Varanus salvadorii* | Reptiles |  |
| [Crown-of-thorns starfish](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crown-of-thorns-starfish/) | *Acanthaster planci* | Marine | Broadcast spawner: males and females release gametes into the sea, fertilisation happens in the water, and the larvae drift as plankton. |
| [Dollarbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eurystomus-orientalis/) | *Eurystomus orientalis* | Birds |  |
| [Double-spotted Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gekko-monarchus/) | *Gekko monarchus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Emerald Tree Skink](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lamprolepis-smaragdina/) | *Lamprolepis smaragdina* | Reptiles |  |
| [Eurasian tree sparrow](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/passer-montanus/) | *Passer montanus* | Birds |  |
| [False gharial](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/false-gharial/) | *Tomistoma schlegelii* | Reptiles |  |
| [Flat-tailed House Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemidactylus-platyurus/) | *Hemidactylus platyurus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Flores hawk-eagle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/flores-hawk-eagle/) | *Nisaetus floris* | Birds |  |
| [Freckle-breasted Woodpecker](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dendrocopos-analis/) | *Dendrocopos analis* | Birds |  |
| [Giant clam](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/giant-clam/) | *Tridacna gigas* | Marine | Broadcast spawner: eggs and sperm are released into the water, fertilisation is external, and the larvae drift as plankton before settling. Adults are simultaneous hermaphrodites. |
| [Glossy Swiftlet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/collocalia-esculenta/) | *Collocalia esculenta* | Birds |  |
| [Golden-bellied Gerygone](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gerygone-sulphurea/) | *Gerygone sulphurea* | Birds |  |
| [Gray-cheeked Green-Pigeon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/treron-griseicauda/) | *Treron griseicauda* | Birds |  |
| [Gray-rumped Treeswift](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemiprocne-longipennis/) | *Hemiprocne longipennis* | Birds |  |
| [Great Crested Canopy Lizard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bronchocela-jubata/) | *Bronchocela jubata* | Reptiles |  |
| [Great Crested Tern](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/thalasseus-bergii/) | *Thalasseus bergii* | Birds |  |
| [Great Eggfly](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hypolimnas-bolina/) | *Hypolimnas bolina* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Great Egret](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardea-alba/) | *Ardea alba* | Birds |  |
| [Great Mormon Swallowtail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/papilio-memnon/) | *Papilio memnon* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Greater bird-of-paradise](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/greater-bird-of-paradise/) | *Paradisaea apoda* | Birds |  |
| [Greater blue-ringed octopus](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/greater-blue-ringed-octopus/) | *Hapalochlaena lunulata* | Marine | The female carries and guards her 60–100 eggs beneath her arms until they hatch, then dies soon after. |
| [Green Imperial Pigeon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ducula-aenea/) | *Ducula aenea* | Birds |  |
| [Green Junglefowl](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gallus-varius/) | *Gallus varius* | Birds |  |
| [Green Paddy Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylarana-erythraea/) | *Hylarana erythraea* | Amphibians |  |
| [Green peafowl](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/green-peafowl/) | *Pavo muticus* | Birds |  |
| [Green turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/green-turtle/) | *Chelonia mydas* | Marine |  |
| [Hair-crested Drongo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicrurus-hottentottus/) | *Dicrurus hottentottus* | Birds |  |
| [Hasselt's Toad](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leptobrachium-hasseltii/) | *Leptobrachium hasseltii* | Amphibians |  |
| [Hawksbill turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hawksbill-turtle/) | *Eretmochelys imbricata* | Marine |  |
| [Helmeted Friarbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/philemon-buceroides/) | *Philemon buceroides* | Birds |  |
| [Helmeted hornbill](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/helmeted-hornbill/) | *Rhinoplax vigil* | Birds | The female is sealed inside the nest cavity for the whole incubation and chick-rearing period (can exceed 160 days) while the male brings food. |
| [House Swift](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/apus-nipalensis/) | *Apus nipalensis* | Birds |  |
| [Humphead wrasse](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/humphead-wrasse/) | *Cheilinus undulatus* | Marine |  |
| [Indian Garden Lizard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/calotes-versicolor/) | *Calotes versicolor* | Reptiles |  |
| [Indo-Chinese Rat Snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ptyas-korros/) | *Ptyas korros* | Reptiles |  |
| [Indonesian Speckled Carpetshark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemiscyllium-freycineti/) | *Hemiscyllium freycineti* | Marine | Lays eggs in pairs; embryos develop outside the mother on yolk. |
| [Javan Flying Dragon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/draco-volans/) | *Draco volans* | Reptiles |  |
| [Javan hawk-eagle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-hawk-eagle/) | *Nisaetus bartelsi* | Birds |  |
| [Javan Munia](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-leucogastroides/) | *Lonchura leucogastroides* | Birds |  |
| [Javan pied starling](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-pied-starling/) | *Gracupica jalla* | Birds |  |
| [Javan Pond-Heron](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardeola-speciosa/) | *Ardeola speciosa* | Birds |  |
| [Javan spitting cobra](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-spitting-cobra/) | *Naja sputatrix* | Reptiles |  |
| [Keeled Slug Snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pareas-carinatus/) | *Pareas carinatus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Komodo dragon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/komodo-dragon/) | *Varanus komodoensis* | Reptiles | Females can also produce eggs that hatch without mating (parthenogenesis). |
| [Leatherback turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leatherback-turtle/) | *Dermochelys coriacea* | Marine |  |
| [Lesser Coucal](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/centropus-bengalensis/) | *Centropus bengalensis* | Birds |  |
| [Lesser Frigatebird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/fregata-ariel/) | *Fregata ariel* | Birds |  |
| [Lime Swallowtail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/papilio-demoleus/) | *Papilio demoleus* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Little Egret](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/egretta-garzetta/) | *Egretta garzetta* | Birds |  |
| [Loggerhead turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/loggerhead-turtle/) | *Caretta caretta* | Marine |  |
| [Malayan krait](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-krait/) | *Bungarus candidus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Malayan pit viper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-pit-viper/) | *Calloselasma rhodostoma* | Reptiles | Unlike the other Asian pit vipers on this list, which bear live young, it lays eggs; a female was observed coiled around her clutch throughout incubation. |
| [Malaysian Pied-Fantail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-javanica/) | *Rhipidura javanica* | Birds |  |
| [Maleo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/maleo/) | *Macrocephalon maleo* | Birds | Eggs are buried in sand warmed by the sun or geothermal heat; the parents do not incubate them, and chicks hatch fully independent and able to fly. |
| [Marbled Bow-fingered Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cyrtodactylus-marmoratus/) | *Cyrtodactylus marmoratus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Metallic Starling](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aplonis-metallica/) | *Aplonis metallica* | Birds |  |
| [Moluccan Eclectus](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eclectus-roratus/) | *Eclectus roratus* | Birds |  |
| [Muller's Narrowmouth Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/kaloula-baleata/) | *Kaloula baleata* | Amphibians |  |
| [Northern Fantail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-rufiventris/) | *Rhipidura rufiventris* | Birds |  |
| [Olive ridley turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/olive-ridley-turtle/) | *Lepidochelys olivacea* | Marine |  |
| [Olive-backed Tailorbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/orthotomus-sepium/) | *Orthotomus sepium* | Birds |  |
| [Oriental Long-tailed Grass Lizard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/takydromus-sexlineatus/) | *Takydromus sexlineatus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Oriental magpie-robin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oriental-magpie-robin/) | *Copsychus saularis* | Birds |  |
| [Pacific Bluetail Skink](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/emoia-caeruleocauda/) | *Emoia caeruleocauda* | Reptiles |  |
| [Pacific Reef Heron](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/egretta-sacra/) | *Egretta sacra* | Birds |  |
| [Pacific swallow](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hirundo-javanica/) | *Hirundo javanica* | Birds |  |
| [Painted Bronzeback](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dendrelaphis-pictus/) | *Dendrelaphis pictus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Painted terrapin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/painted-terrapin/) | *Batagur borneoensis* | Reptiles |  |
| [Palm cockatoo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/palm-cockatoo/) | *Probosciger aterrimus* | Birds |  |
| [Pied Bushchat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/saxicola-caprata/) | *Saxicola caprata* | Birds |  |
| [Pig-nosed turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pig-nosed-turtle/) | *Carettochelys insculpta* | Reptiles |  |
| [Pink-necked Green-Pigeon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/treron-vernans/) | *Treron vernans* | Birds |  |
| [Plaintive Cuckoo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cacomantis-merulinus/) | *Cacomantis merulinus* | Birds | Brood parasite: lays its eggs in other birds’ nests, and the hosts incubate and raise the chick. |
| [Poisonous Rock Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/odorrana-hosii/) | *Odorrana hosii* | Amphibians |  |
| [Purple Heron](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardea-purpurea/) | *Ardea purpurea* | Birds |  |
| [Rainbow Bee-eater](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/merops-ornatus/) | *Merops ornatus* | Birds |  |
| [Red bird-of-paradise](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/red-bird-of-paradise/) | *Paradisaea rubra* | Birds |  |
| [Red Percher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neurothemis-ramburii/) | *Neurothemis ramburii* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Red-cheeked Parrot](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/geoffroyus-geoffroyi/) | *Geoffroyus geoffroyi* | Birds |  |
| [Reinwardt's flying frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/reinwardts-flying-frog/) | *Rhacophorus reinwardtii* | Amphibians | Eggs are laid in a foam nest wrapped in leaves on trees near water. |
| [Reticulated Python](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayopython-reticulatus/) | *Malayopython reticulatus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Rhinoceros hornbill](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhinoceros-hornbill/) | *Buceros rhinoceros* | Birds |  |
| [River Toad](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/phrynoidis-asper/) | *Phrynoidis asper* | Amphibians |  |
| [Rock Pigeon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/columba-livia/) | *Columba livia* | Birds |  |
| [Rote Island snake-necked turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rote-island-snake-necked-turtle/) | *Chelodina mccordi* | Reptiles |  |
| [Sacred Kingfisher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/todiramphus-sanctus/) | *Todiramphus sanctus* | Birds |  |
| [Sahul Brush Cuckoo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cacomantis-variolosus/) | *Cacomantis variolosus* | Birds | Brood parasite: lays its eggs in other birds’ nests (e.g. fantails and gerygones), and the hosts incubate and raise the chick. |
| [Salmon-crested cockatoo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/salmon-crested-cockatoo/) | *Cacatua moluccensis* | Birds |  |
| [Saltwater crocodile](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/saltwater-crocodile/) | *Crocodylus porosus* | Reptiles |  |
| [Scaly-breasted Munia](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-punctulata/) | *Lonchura punctulata* | Birds |  |
| [Scarlet Skimmer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crocothemis-servilia/) | *Crocothemis servilia* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicaeum-trochileum/) | *Dicaeum trochileum* | Birds |  |
| [Schlegel's Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chalcorana-chalconota/) | *Chalcorana chalconota* | Amphibians |  |
| [Slender Skimmer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/orthetrum-sabina/) | *Orthetrum sabina* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Sooty-headed bulbul](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sooty-headed-bulbul/) | *Pycnonotus aurigaster* | Birds |  |
| [Southern cassowary](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/southern-cassowary/) | *Casuarius casuarius* | Birds | Only the male incubates the eggs (47–61 days) and raises the chicks for about nine months. |
| [Spotted dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spilopelia-chinensis/) | *Spilopelia chinensis* | Birds |  |
| [Straight-edge Red Parasol](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neurothemis-terminata/) | *Neurothemis terminata* | Invertebrates |  |
| [Straw-headed bulbul](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/straw-headed-bulbul/) | *Pycnonotus zeylanicus* | Birds |  |
| [Striated Heron](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/butorides-striata/) | *Butorides striata* | Birds |  |
| [Sultan's Cuckoo-Dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macropygia-doreya/) | *Macropygia doreya* | Birds |  |
| [Sunda king cobra](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-king-cobra/) | *Ophiophagus bungarus* | Reptiles | The female keeps her eggs in a nest of fallen leaves and guards them aggressively. |
| [Sunda scops owl](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-scops-owl/) | *Otus lempiji* | Birds |  |
| [Tokay Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gekko-gecko/) | *Gekko gecko* | Reptiles |  |
| [Uniform Swiftlet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aerodramus-vanikorensis/) | *Aerodramus vanikorensis* | Birds |  |
| [Victoria crowned pigeon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/victoria-crowned-pigeon/) | *Goura victoria* | Birds |  |
| [Wallace's golden birdwing](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/wallaces-golden-birdwing/) | *Ornithoptera croesus* | Invertebrates |  |
| [White-bellied Sea Eagle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/haliaeetus-leucogaster/) | *Haliaeetus leucogaster* | Birds |  |
| [White-breasted Waterhen](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/amaurornis-phoenicurus/) | *Amaurornis phoenicurus* | Birds |  |
| [White-breasted Woodswallow](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/artamus-leucorhynchos/) | *Artamus leucorhynchos* | Birds |  |
| [White-headed Munia](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-maja/) | *Lonchura maja* | Birds |  |
| [White-nest Swiftlet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aerodramus-fuciphagus/) | *Aerodramus fuciphagus* | Birds |  |
| [White-rumped shama](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/white-rumped-shama/) | *Copsychus malabaricus* | Birds |  |
| [White-shouldered Triller](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lalage-sueurii/) | *Lalage sueurii* | Birds |  |
| [Willie Wagtail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-leucophrys/) | *Rhipidura leucophrys* | Birds |  |
| [Yellow fever mosquito](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/yellow-fever-mosquito/) | *Aedes aegypti* | Invertebrates | Eggs are laid singly on damp container or tree-hole walls and can survive drying for long periods. |
| [Yellow-crested cockatoo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/yellow-crested-cockatoo/) | *Cacatua sulphurea* | Birds |  |
| [Yellow-lipped Sea Krait](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/laticauda-colubrina/) | *Laticauda colubrina* | Reptiles | Unlike most sea snakes, which give birth at sea, this sea krait comes ashore to lay its eggs. |
| [Yellow-vented bulbul](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pycnonotus-goiavier/) | *Pycnonotus goiavier* | Birds |  |
| [Zebra Dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/geopelia-striata/) | *Geopelia striata* | Birds |  |
| [Zitting Cisticola](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cisticola-juncidis/) | *Cisticola juncidis* | Birds |  |

## giving birth to live young (viviparous) (82)

| Name | Scientific name | Group | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Agile gibbon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/agile-gibbon/) | *Hylobates agilis* | Mammals |  |
| [Asian house shrew](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-house-shrew/) | *Suncus murinus* | Mammals |  |
| [Asian Palm Civet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/paradoxurus-hermaphroditus/) | *Paradoxurus hermaphroditus* | Mammals |  |
| [Asian small-clawed otter](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-small-clawed-otter/) | *Aonyx cinereus* | Mammals |  |
| [Banteng](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banteng/) | *Bos javanicus* | Mammals |  |
| [Bearded pig](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bearded-pig/) | *Sus barbatus* | Mammals |  |
| [Binturong](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/binturong/) | *Arctictis binturong* | Mammals |  |
| [Black Giant Squirrel](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ratufa-bicolor/) | *Ratufa bicolor* | Mammals |  |
| [Black rat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-rat/) | *Rattus rattus* | Mammals |  |
| [Black-striped Squirrel](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-nigrovittatus/) | *Callosciurus nigrovittatus* | Mammals |  |
| [Blacktip Reef Shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/carcharhinus-melanopterus/) | *Carcharhinus melanopterus* | Marine | Placental viviparity: 2–4 pups are born after about 8–9 months' gestation. |
| [Bornean elephant](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bornean-elephant/) | *Elephas maximus borneensis* | Mammals |  |
| [Bornean orangutan](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bornean-orangutan/) | *Pongo pygmaeus* | Mammals |  |
| [Bornean White-bearded Gibbon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylobates-albibarbis/) | *Hylobates albibarbis* | Mammals |  |
| [Brown rat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/brown-rat/) | *Rattus norvegicus* | Mammals |  |
| [Crested black macaque](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crested-black-macaque/) | *Macaca nigra* | Mammals |  |
| [Diadem Roundleaf Bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hipposideros-diadema/) | *Hipposideros diadema* | Mammals |  |
| [Domestic cat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cat/) | *Felis catus* | Companions |  |
| [Domestic dog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dog/) | *Canis lupus familiaris* | Companions |  |
| [Domestic Water Buffalo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bubalus-bubalis/) | *Bubalus bubalis* | Mammals |  |
| [Dugong](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dugong/) | *Dugong dugon* | Marine |  |
| [Fawn Roundleaf Bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hipposideros-cervinus/) | *Hipposideros cervinus* | Mammals |  |
| [Gursky's Spectral Tarsier](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tarsius-spectrumgurskyae/) | *Tarsius spectrumgurskyae* | Mammals |  |
| [Horsfield's Treeshrew](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tupaia-javanica/) | *Tupaia javanica* | Mammals |  |
| [Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/indo-pacific-bottlenose-dolphin/) | *Tursiops aduncus* | Marine |  |
| [Javan gibbon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-gibbon/) | *Hylobates moloch* | Mammals |  |
| [Javan leopard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-leopard/) | *Panthera pardus melas* | Mammals |  |
| [Javan Lutung](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trachypithecus-auratus/) | *Trachypithecus auratus* | Mammals |  |
| [Javan mouse-deer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-mouse-deer/) | *Tragulus javanicus* | Mammals |  |
| [Javan Porcupine](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hystrix-javanica/) | *Hystrix javanica* | Mammals |  |
| [Javan rhinoceros](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-rhino/) | *Rhinoceros sondaicus* | Mammals |  |
| [Javan slow loris](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-slow-loris/) | *Nycticebus javanicus* | Mammals |  |
| [Javan Surili](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-comata/) | *Presbytis comata* | Mammals |  |
| [Lar Gibbon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylobates-lar/) | *Hylobates lar* | Mammals |  |
| [Large Flying-fox](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pteropus-vampyrus/) | *Pteropus vampyrus* | Mammals |  |
| [Lesser false vampire bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/megaderma-spasma/) | *Megaderma spasma* | Mammals |  |
| [Lesser Long-tongued Fruit Bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macroglossus-minimus/) | *Macroglossus minimus* | Mammals |  |
| [Lesser short-nosed fruit bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lesser-short-nosed-fruit-bat/) | *Cynopterus brachyotis* | Mammals |  |
| [Long-tailed macaque](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-fascicularis/) | *Macaca fascicularis* | Mammals |  |
| [Lowland anoa](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lowland-anoa/) | *Bubalus depressicornis* | Mammals |  |
| [Mahakam Irrawaddy dolphin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mahakam-irrawaddy-dolphin/) | *Orcaella brevirostris* | Mammals |  |
| [Malay civet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malay-civet/) | *Viverra tangalunga* | Mammals |  |
| [Malayan porcupine](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-porcupine/) | *Hystrix brachyura* | Mammals |  |
| [Malayan tapir](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-tapir/) | *Tapirus indicus* | Mammals |  |
| [Marbled cat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/marbled-cat/) | *Pardofelis marmorata* | Mammals |  |
| [Moor Macaque](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-maura/) | *Macaca maura* | Mammals |  |
| [Mountain anoa](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mountain-anoa/) | *Bubalus quarlesi* | Mammals |  |
| [Northern Common Cuscus](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/phalanger-orientalis/) | *Phalanger orientalis* | Mammals | Marsupial: the young are born tiny and undeveloped and continue developing in the mother's pouch. |
| [Philippine slow loris](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/philippine-slow-loris/) | *Nycticebus menagensis* | Mammals |  |
| [Plantain Squirrel](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-notatus/) | *Callosciurus notatus* | Mammals |  |
| [Prevost's Squirrel](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-prevostii/) | *Callosciurus prevostii* | Mammals |  |
| [Proboscis monkey](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/proboscis-monkey/) | *Nasalis larvatus* | Mammals |  |
| [Pygmy tarsier](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pygmy-tarsier/) | *Tarsius pumilus* | Mammals |  |
| [Sambar deer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sambar-deer/) | *Rusa unicolor* | Mammals |  |
| [Scalloped hammerhead shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/scalloped-hammerhead-shark/) | *Sphyrna lewini* | Marine | Placental viviparity: 12–41 pups are born after 9–10 months' gestation. |
| [Selayar tarsier](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/selayar-tarsier/) | *Tarsius tarsier* | Mammals |  |
| [Siamang](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/siamang/) | *Symphalangus syndactylus* | Mammals |  |
| [Silvered Leaf Monkey](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trachypithecus-cristatus/) | *Trachypithecus cristatus* | Mammals |  |
| [Smooth-coated otter](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/smooth-coated-otter/) | *Lutrogale perspicillata* | Mammals |  |
| [Southern Pig-tailed Macaque](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-nemestrina/) | *Macaca nemestrina* | Mammals |  |
| [Southern red muntjac](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/southern-red-muntjac/) | *Muntiacus muntjak* | Mammals |  |
| [Spinner Dolphin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/stenella-longirostris/) | *Stenella longirostris* | Mammals |  |
| [Sulawesi babirusa](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sulawesi-babirusa/) | *Babyrousa celebensis* | Mammals |  |
| [Sulawesi bear cuscus](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sulawesi-bear-cuscus/) | *Ailurops ursinus* | Mammals | Marsupial: the young are born tiny and undeveloped and continue developing in the mother's pouch. |
| [Sumatran elephant](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-elephant/) | *Elephas maximus sumatranus* | Mammals |  |
| [Sumatran orangutan](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-orangutan/) | *Pongo abelii* | Mammals |  |
| [Sumatran rhinoceros](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-rhino/) | *Dicerorhinus sumatrensis* | Mammals |  |
| [Sumatran Surili](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-melalophos/) | *Presbytis melalophos* | Mammals |  |
| [Sumatran tiger](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-tiger/) | *Panthera tigris sondaica* | Mammals |  |
| [Sun bear](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sun-bear/) | *Helarctos malayanus* | Mammals |  |
| [Sunda clouded leopard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-clouded-leopard/) | *Neofelis diardi* | Mammals |  |
| [Sunda Colugo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/galeopterus-variegatus/) | *Galeopterus variegatus* | Mammals |  |
| [Sunda pangolin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-pangolin/) | *Manis javanica* | Mammals |  |
| [Sunda slow loris](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-slow-loris/) | *Nycticebus coucang* | Mammals |  |
| [Tapanuli orangutan](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tapanuli-orangutan/) | *Pongo tapanuliensis* | Mammals |  |
| [Tatar Horseshoe Bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhinolophus-tatar/) | *Rhinolophus tatar* | Mammals |  |
| [Thomas’s Langur](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-thomasi/) | *Presbytis thomasi* | Mammals |  |
| [Timor deer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/timor-deer/) | *Rusa timorensis* | Mammals |  |
| [Waigeo Spotted Cuscus](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spilocuscus-papuensis/) | *Spilocuscus papuensis* | Mammals | Marsupial: the young are born tiny and undeveloped and continue developing in the mother's pouch. |
| [Whitetip Reef Shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/triaenodon-obesus/) | *Triaenodon obesus* | Marine | Placental viviparity: usually 2–3 pups (range 1–5) per litter. |
| [Whitish Dwarf Squirrel](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/prosciurillus-leucomus/) | *Prosciurillus leucomus* | Mammals |  |
| [Wild Boar](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sus-scrofa/) | *Sus scrofa* | Mammals |  |

## ovoviviparity: eggs hatch inside the mother and live young are born (17)

| Name | Scientific name | Group | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Bluespotted Fantail Ray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/taeniura-lymma/) | *Taeniura lymma* | Marine | Bears up to 7 pups; embryos first use yolk, then receive nutritious uterine fluid (aplacental viviparity). |
| [Bluespotted Maskray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-caeruleopunctata/) | *Neotrygon caeruleopunctata* | Marine | Pups are born live (the 'Bali form', now N. caeruleopunctata, is born at about 17 cm disc width); embryos also receive nutritious uterine fluid. |
| [Common Sun Skink](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eutropis-multifasciata/) | *Eutropis multifasciata* | Reptiles | This skink gives birth to live young instead of laying eggs like most lizards. |
| [Indonesian coelacanth](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/indonesian-coelacanth/) | *Latimeria menadoensis* | Marine | FishBase calls the African coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae) 'ovoviviparous': huge eggs develop in the mother's oviduct and live young (5–29) are born. Reproductive data for the Indonesian species are very scarce, so this follows its relative. |
| [Moluccan Bluespotted Maskray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-moluccensis/) | *Neotrygon moluccensis* | Marine | No species-specific data yet; classed with the live-bearing bluespotted maskray group (Neotrygon). |
| [Oceanic Manta Ray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mobula-birostris/) | *Mobula birostris* | Marine | Usually one pup (at most two); embryos use yolk and then nutritious uterine fluid (aplacental viviparity). |
| [Oriental Bluespotted Maskray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-orientale/) | *Neotrygon orientale* | Marine | Pregnant females carry a single pup, born at about 12 cm disc width. |
| [Oriental Whipsnake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ahaetulla-prasina/) | *Ahaetulla prasina* | Reptiles | Gives birth to live young; the eggs hatch inside the mother rather than being laid. |
| [Puff-faced Water Snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/homalopsis-buccata/) | *Homalopsis buccata* | Reptiles | Gives birth to live young; the eggs hatch inside the mother rather than being laid. |
| [Reef manta ray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/reef-manta-ray/) | *Mobula alfredi* | Marine | Usually a single pup (occasionally two) after about 12 months' gestation. The embryo has no placenta but is also fed a nutritious uterine secretion, which some sources (ADW) call aplacental viviparity. |
| [Spotted seahorse](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spotted-seahorse/) | *Hippocampus kuda* | Marine | The female deposits her eggs in the male's brood pouch; the male is 'pregnant' for 20–28 days and then releases the young. FishBase calls it ovoviviparous, while ADW classes it as oviparous because the female lays the eggs. |
| [Tasselled Wobbegong](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eucrossorhinus-dasypogon/) | *Eucrossorhinus dasypogon* | Marine | Eggs hatch inside the mother; embryos feed only on yolk. |
| [Tiger shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tiger-shark/) | *Galeocerdo cuvier* | Marine | Unlike the blacktip and whitetip reef sharks and the hammerhead (placental), tiger shark embryos develop in the uterus without a placenta; 10–82 pups are born after 13–16 months. |
| [Wagler's Pit Viper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tropidolaemus-wagleri/) | *Tropidolaemus wagleri* | Reptiles | Gives birth to live young; the eggs hatch inside the mother rather than being laid. |
| [Whale shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/whale-shark/) | *Rhincodon typus* | Marine | Eggs hatch inside the uterus and embryos feed only on yolk; one female was found carrying about 300 embryos. |
| [White-lipped Island Pitviper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trimeresurus-insularis/) | *Trimeresurus insularis* | Reptiles | This pit viper gives birth to live young (Chester Zoo reports up to 17 per litter) rather than laying eggs. |
| [White-lipped Pit Viper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trimeresurus-albolabris/) | *Trimeresurus albolabris* | Reptiles | Gives birth to live young; the eggs hatch inside the mother rather than being laid. |