# Herbivores, carnivores and omnivores of Indonesia

> What herbivore, carnivore and omnivore mean, with sourced examples from Indonesia’s mammals, birds, reptiles and marine animals.

Source: https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/herbivores-carnivores-omnivores/ · Updated 1 October 2026 · English · Bahasa Indonesia: https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/herbivora-karnivora-omnivora/
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## herbivore (plant-eater) (64)

| Name | Scientific name | Group | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Asian Emerald Dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chalcophaps-indica/) | *Chalcophaps indica* | Birds | seeds and fruit |
| [Asian honey bee](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-honey-bee/) | *Apis cerana* | Invertebrates | nectar and pollen feeder |
| [Banteng](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banteng/) | *Bos javanicus* | Mammals | grazer and browser (grasses and leafy plants) |
| [Black Giant Squirrel](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ratufa-bicolor/) | *Ratufa bicolor* | Mammals | fruit and seed eater |
| [Black-naped Fruit Dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ptilinopus-melanospilus/) | *Ptilinopus melanospilus* | Birds | fruit-eater (frugivore) |
| [Blue Pansy](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/junonia-orithya/) | *Junonia orithya* | Invertebrates | caterpillars eat leaves (e.g. Asystasia); adults visit flowers |
| [Blyth's Hornbill](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhyticeros-plicatus/) | *Rhyticeros plicatus* | Birds | mainly fruit (frugivore); occasionally small animals |
| [Bornean elephant](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bornean-elephant/) | *Elephas maximus borneensis* | Mammals | eats many kinds of plants: grasses, leaves, bark, roots and fruit |
| [Bornean orangutan](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bornean-orangutan/) | *Pongo pygmaeus* | Mammals | mainly fruit (frugivore), plus leaves, bark and a few insects |
| [Bornean White-bearded Gibbon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylobates-albibarbis/) | *Hylobates albibarbis* | Mammals | mainly ripe fruit (frugivore) |
| [Brown Honeyeater](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lichmera-indistincta/) | *Lichmera indistincta* | Birds | nectar-feeder, also takes insects |
| [Domestic Water Buffalo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bubalus-bubalis/) | *Bubalus bubalis* | Mammals | grazer: grasses, herbs and aquatic plants |
| [Dugong](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dugong/) | *Dugong dugon* | Marine | seagrass grazer |
| [Gray-cheeked Green-Pigeon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/treron-griseicauda/) | *Treron griseicauda* | Birds | fruit-eater (frugivore) |
| [Great Eggfly](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hypolimnas-bolina/) | *Hypolimnas bolina* | Invertebrates | caterpillars eat plant leaves (herbivore) |
| [Great Mormon Swallowtail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/papilio-memnon/) | *Papilio memnon* | Invertebrates | caterpillars eat citrus (Rutaceae) leaves; adults feed at flowers |
| [Green Imperial Pigeon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ducula-aenea/) | *Ducula aenea* | Birds | fruit-eater (frugivore) |
| [Green turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/green-turtle/) | *Chelonia mydas* | Marine | seagrass and algae grazer (adults); juveniles are omnivorous |
| [Helmeted Friarbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/philemon-buceroides/) | *Philemon buceroides* | Birds | mainly nectar and fruit, also insects |
| [Javan gibbon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-gibbon/) | *Hylobates moloch* | Mammals | mainly fruit (frugivore), plus leaves, flowers and a few insects |
| [Javan Lutung](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trachypithecus-auratus/) | *Trachypithecus auratus* | Mammals | mainly leaves (folivore), plus flowers and fruit |
| [Javan mouse-deer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-mouse-deer/) | *Tragulus javanicus* | Mammals | leaves, buds, shrubs and fallen fruit |
| [Javan Munia](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-leucogastroides/) | *Lonchura leucogastroides* | Birds | seed-eater (granivore) |
| [Javan Porcupine](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hystrix-javanica/) | *Hystrix javanica* | Mammals | tubers, buds, bamboo shoots, fruit and fern shoots |
| [Javan rhinoceros](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-rhino/) | *Rhinoceros sondaicus* | Mammals | browser: leaves, shoots and young twigs (does not eat grass) |
| [Javan Surili](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-comata/) | *Presbytis comata* | Mammals | mainly leaves (folivore), plus fruit, flowers and seeds |
| [Lar Gibbon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylobates-lar/) | *Hylobates lar* | Mammals | mainly ripe fruit (frugivore), plus leaves, flowers and insects |
| [Large Flying-fox](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pteropus-vampyrus/) | *Pteropus vampyrus* | Mammals | fruit, flowers and nectar |
| [Lesser Long-tongued Fruit Bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macroglossus-minimus/) | *Macroglossus minimus* | Mammals | nectar and pollen feeder, sometimes fruit juice |
| [Lesser short-nosed fruit bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lesser-short-nosed-fruit-bat/) | *Cynopterus brachyotis* | Mammals | fruit-eater (frugivore), mainly fruit juice |
| [Lime Swallowtail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/papilio-demoleus/) | *Papilio demoleus* | Invertebrates | caterpillars eat leaves of citrus and related plants (Rutaceae) |
| [Lowland anoa](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lowland-anoa/) | *Bubalus depressicornis* | Mammals | plant-eater: aquatic plants, ferns, grasses, saplings and fallen fruit |
| [Malayan porcupine](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-porcupine/) | *Hystrix brachyura* | Mammals | roots, tubers, bark, grains and fallen fruit |
| [Malayan tapir](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-tapir/) | *Tapirus indicus* | Mammals | browser: leaves, shoots, twigs and fruit |
| [Metallic Starling](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aplonis-metallica/) | *Aplonis metallica* | Birds | fruit-eater (frugivore) |
| [Moluccan Eclectus](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eclectus-roratus/) | *Eclectus roratus* | Birds | fruit, seeds, nuts, leaf buds and blossoms |
| [Mountain anoa](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mountain-anoa/) | *Bubalus quarlesi* | Mammals | browser: grasses and other forest vegetation |
| [Northern Common Cuscus](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/phalanger-orientalis/) | *Phalanger orientalis* | Mammals | leaves, fruit, seeds and flowers |
| [Pink-necked Green-Pigeon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/treron-vernans/) | *Treron vernans* | Birds | fruit-eater (frugivore) |
| [Prevost's Squirrel](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-prevostii/) | *Callosciurus prevostii* | Mammals | fruit and seeds (occasionally insects and eggs) |
| [Proboscis monkey](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/proboscis-monkey/) | *Nasalis larvatus* | Mammals | leaf and fruit/seed eater (folivore-frugivore) |
| [Red-cheeked Parrot](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/geoffroyus-geoffroyi/) | *Geoffroyus geoffroyi* | Birds | fruit, seeds, nuts and blossoms |
| [Rock Pigeon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/columba-livia/) | *Columba livia* | Birds | seed-eater (granivore) |
| [Sambar deer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sambar-deer/) | *Rusa unicolor* | Mammals | browser and grazer: leaves, grass, fallen fruit and young bark |
| [Scaly-breasted Munia](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-punctulata/) | *Lonchura punctulata* | Birds | seed-eater (granivore) |
| [Siamang](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/siamang/) | *Symphalangus syndactylus* | Mammals | leaf and fruit eater (folivore-frugivore) |
| [Silvered Leaf Monkey](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trachypithecus-cristatus/) | *Trachypithecus cristatus* | Mammals | leaf-eater (folivore), mainly young leaves |
| [Southern cassowary](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/southern-cassowary/) | *Casuarius casuarius* | Birds | mainly fallen fruit (frugivore); occasionally small animals and fungi |
| [Spotted dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spilopelia-chinensis/) | *Spilopelia chinensis* | Birds | seed-eater (granivore) |
| [Straw-headed bulbul](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/straw-headed-bulbul/) | *Pycnonotus zeylanicus* | Birds | mainly fruit (frugivore) |
| [Sulawesi bear cuscus](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sulawesi-bear-cuscus/) | *Ailurops ursinus* | Mammals | leaf-eater (folivore), mainly young leaves |
| [Sultan's Cuckoo-Dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macropygia-doreya/) | *Macropygia doreya* | Birds | fruit-eater (frugivore) |
| [Sumatran elephant](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-elephant/) | *Elephas maximus sumatranus* | Mammals | eats many kinds of plants: grasses, leaves, bark, roots and fruit |
| [Sumatran rhinoceros](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-rhino/) | *Dicerorhinus sumatrensis* | Mammals | browser: leaves and twigs of saplings and shrubs |
| [Sumatran Surili](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-melalophos/) | *Presbytis melalophos* | Mammals | mainly leaves (folivore), plus fruit, flowers and seeds |
| [Sunda Colugo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/galeopterus-variegatus/) | *Galeopterus variegatus* | Mammals | young leaves, buds, flowers, fruit and sap (folivore) |
| [Tapanuli orangutan](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tapanuli-orangutan/) | *Pongo tapanuliensis* | Mammals | plant-eater, including conifer trees rarely eaten by other orangutans |
| [Thomas’s Langur](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-thomasi/) | *Presbytis thomasi* | Mammals | young leaves, fruit and seeds; occasionally insects and snails |
| [Timor deer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/timor-deer/) | *Rusa timorensis* | Mammals | grasses, herbs, and leaves and bark of shrubs |
| [Wallace's golden birdwing](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/wallaces-golden-birdwing/) | *Ornithoptera croesus* | Invertebrates | caterpillars eat the leaves of pipevines (Aristolochia) |
| [White-headed Munia](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-maja/) | *Lonchura maja* | Birds | seed-eater (granivore) |
| [Yellow-crested cockatoo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/yellow-crested-cockatoo/) | *Cacatua sulphurea* | Birds | seeds, fruit, flowers and young leaves |
| [Yellow-vented bulbul](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pycnonotus-goiavier/) | *Pycnonotus goiavier* | Birds | mainly small fruit and berries, also nectar; some insects |
| [Zebra Dove](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/geopelia-striata/) | *Geopelia striata* | Birds | seed-eater (granivore) |

## carnivore (meat-eater) (142)

| Name | Scientific name | Group | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Ashy Drongo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicrurus-leucophaeus/) | *Dicrurus leucophaeus* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Asian Common Toad](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/duttaphrynus-melanostictus/) | *Duttaphrynus melanostictus* | Amphibians | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Asian House Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemidactylus-frenatus/) | *Hemidactylus frenatus* | Reptiles | insect- and spider-eater (insectivore) |
| [Asian house shrew](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-house-shrew/) | *Suncus murinus* | Mammals | mainly insects (insectivore), plus food scraps |
| [Asian small-clawed otter](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-small-clawed-otter/) | *Aonyx cinereus* | Mammals | crabs, clams and other small aquatic animals (crustaceans and molluscs) |
| [Asian water monitor](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/varanus-salvator/) | *Varanus salvator* | Reptiles | predator and scavenger |
| [Banded krait](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banded-krait/) | *Bungarus fasciatus* | Reptiles | predator of vertebrates: rodents, other snakes, lizards, frogs, fish |
| [Banded Malaysian coral snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banded-malaysian-coral-snake/) | *Calliophis intestinalis* | Reptiles | eats other snakes, especially small blind snakes |
| [Barn owl](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/barn-owl/) | *Tyto alba* | Birds | predator of rats and other small mammals, also small birds |
| [Barn Swallow](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hirundo-rustica/) | *Hirundo rustica* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [Black-naped Monarch](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hypothymis-azurea/) | *Hypothymis azurea* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemipus-hirundinaceus/) | *Hemipus hirundinaceus* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Blacktip Reef Shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/carcharhinus-melanopterus/) | *Carcharhinus melanopterus* | Marine | mainly a fish-eater (piscivore), also crustaceans and cephalopods |
| [Blue-tailed Bee-eater](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/merops-philippinus/) | *Merops philippinus* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [Bluespotted Fantail Ray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/taeniura-lymma/) | *Taeniura lymma* | Marine | bottom-feeder on molluscs, worms, shrimps and crabs |
| [Bluespotted Maskray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-caeruleopunctata/) | *Neotrygon caeruleopunctata* | Marine | bottom-feeder on crustaceans (crabs, shrimps) |
| [Brahminy Kite](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/haliastur-indus/) | *Haliastur indus* | Birds | predator and scavenger (fish, insects, carrion) |
| [Brown-banded Bamboo Shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chiloscyllium-punctatum/) | *Chiloscyllium punctatum* | Marine | eater of bottom invertebrates and small fish |
| [Cave Swiftlet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/collocalia-linchi/) | *Collocalia linchi* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [Cerulean Kingfisher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/alcedo-coerulescens/) | *Alcedo coerulescens* | Birds | predator of small fish and other small aquatic animals |
| [Chalky Percher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/diplacodes-trivialis/) | *Diplacodes trivialis* | Invertebrates | insect predator (both adults and aquatic nymphs are predators) |
| [Collared kingfisher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/todiramphus-chloris/) | *Todiramphus chloris* | Birds | predator of invertebrates (e.g. insects, crabs) and other small animals |
| [Common Four-clawed Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gehyra-mutilata/) | *Gehyra mutilata* | Reptiles | insect-eater (insectivore); occasionally takes human food scraps |
| [Common Iora](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aegithina-tiphia/) | *Aegithina tiphia* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Common Sandpiper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/actitis-hypoleucos/) | *Actitis hypoleucos* | Birds | insects and other small invertebrates (worms, molluscs, crustaceans) |
| [Common Southeast Asian Tree Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/polypedates-leucomystax/) | *Polypedates leucomystax* | Amphibians | eater of insects (especially grasshoppers and crickets) and other invertebrates |
| [Common Sun Skink](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eutropis-multifasciata/) | *Eutropis multifasciata* | Reptiles | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Common Wolf Snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lycodon-capucinus/) | *Lycodon capucinus* | Reptiles | predator of lizards (geckos, skinks) and small mammals |
| [Crab-eating Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/fejervarya-cancrivora/) | *Fejervarya cancrivora* | Amphibians | eater of small crabs, other crustaceans and insects |
| [Crested serpent eagle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crested-serpent-eagle/) | *Spilornis cheela* | Birds | mainly snakes, also lizards, frogs, small mammals and birds |
| [Crocodile monitor](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crocodile-monitor/) | *Varanus salvadorii* | Reptiles | predator (birds, eggs, small mammals) and scavenger |
| [Crown-of-thorns starfish](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crown-of-thorns-starfish/) | *Acanthaster planci* | Marine | hard-coral polyp eater (corallivore) |
| [Diadem Roundleaf Bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hipposideros-diadema/) | *Hipposideros diadema* | Mammals | insect-eater (insectivore), occasionally small birds and spiders |
| [Dollarbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eurystomus-orientalis/) | *Eurystomus orientalis* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [Domestic cat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cat/) | *Felis catus* | Companions | true (obligate) carnivore: needs nutrients found in meat |
| [Double-spotted Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gekko-monarchus/) | *Gekko monarchus* | Reptiles | insect- and spider-eater (insectivore) |
| [Emerald Tree Skink](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lamprolepis-smaragdina/) | *Lamprolepis smaragdina* | Reptiles | mainly an insect-eater (insectivore), occasionally a little fruit or flowers |
| [False gharial](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/false-gharial/) | *Tomistoma schlegelii* | Reptiles | opportunistic predator (fish, birds, monkeys, wild pigs, reptiles) |
| [Fawn Roundleaf Bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hipposideros-cervinus/) | *Hipposideros cervinus* | Mammals | insect-eater: small beetles and moths (insectivore) |
| [Flat-tailed House Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemidactylus-platyurus/) | *Hemidactylus platyurus* | Reptiles | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Flores hawk-eagle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/flores-hawk-eagle/) | *Nisaetus floris* | Birds | predator of vertebrates |
| [Freckle-breasted Woodpecker](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dendrocopos-analis/) | *Dendrocopos analis* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Glossy Swiftlet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/collocalia-esculenta/) | *Collocalia esculenta* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [Golden-bellied Gerygone](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gerygone-sulphurea/) | *Gerygone sulphurea* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Gray-rumped Treeswift](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemiprocne-longipennis/) | *Hemiprocne longipennis* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [Great Crested Canopy Lizard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bronchocela-jubata/) | *Bronchocela jubata* | Reptiles | insect-eater in the tree canopy (insectivore) |
| [Great Crested Tern](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/thalasseus-bergii/) | *Thalasseus bergii* | Birds | fish-eater (piscivore) |
| [Great Egret](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardea-alba/) | *Ardea alba* | Birds | fish and other aquatic animals (piscivore), also frogs, snakes, insects and small mammals |
| [Greater blue-ringed octopus](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/greater-blue-ringed-octopus/) | *Hapalochlaena lunulata* | Marine | predator of crabs, small fish and molluscs |
| [Green Paddy Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylarana-erythraea/) | *Hylarana erythraea* | Amphibians | eater of small land invertebrates (crickets, ants, small millipedes) |
| [Gursky's Spectral Tarsier](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tarsius-spectrumgurskyae/) | *Tarsius spectrumgurskyae* | Mammals | insects and small vertebrates (live prey only) |
| [Hair-crested Drongo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicrurus-hottentottus/) | *Dicrurus hottentottus* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Hasselt's Toad](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leptobrachium-hasseltii/) | *Leptobrachium hasseltii* | Amphibians | insect- and small-invertebrate-eater (insectivore) |
| [Hawksbill turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hawksbill-turtle/) | *Eretmochelys imbricata* | Marine | mainly a sponge-eater (spongivore) |
| [House Swift](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/apus-nipalensis/) | *Apus nipalensis* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [Humphead wrasse](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/humphead-wrasse/) | *Cheilinus undulatus* | Marine | predator of molluscs, fish, sea urchins and crustaceans, including crown-of-thorns starfish |
| [Indian Garden Lizard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/calotes-versicolor/) | *Calotes versicolor* | Reptiles | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Indo-Chinese Rat Snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ptyas-korros/) | *Ptyas korros* | Reptiles | predator of rats, frogs and other small vertebrates |
| [Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/indo-pacific-bottlenose-dolphin/) | *Tursiops aduncus* | Marine | fish-eater (piscivore), also squid |
| [Indonesian coelacanth](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/indonesian-coelacanth/) | *Latimeria menadoensis* | Marine | predator of fish and squid (inferred from its African relative) |
| [Indonesian Speckled Carpetshark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemiscyllium-freycineti/) | *Hemiscyllium freycineti* | Marine | predator of small animals on shallow reef flats (hunts at night) |
| [Javan Flying Dragon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/draco-volans/) | *Draco volans* | Reptiles | ant- and termite-eater (insectivore) |
| [Javan hawk-eagle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-hawk-eagle/) | *Nisaetus bartelsi* | Birds | predator of vertebrates (mammals, birds, reptiles) |
| [Javan leopard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-leopard/) | *Panthera pardus melas* | Mammals | predator: hoofed mammals, primates and smaller animals |
| [Javan Pond-Heron](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardeola-speciosa/) | *Ardeola speciosa* | Birds | predator of small aquatic animals (small fish, aquatic insects, crustaceans) |
| [Javan spitting cobra](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-spitting-cobra/) | *Naja sputatrix* | Reptiles | generalist predator: small mammals, birds, frogs, lizards and other snakes |
| [Keeled Slug Snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pareas-carinatus/) | *Pareas carinatus* | Reptiles | slug- and snail-eater (molluscivore) |
| [Komodo dragon](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/komodo-dragon/) | *Varanus komodoensis* | Reptiles | predator and scavenger |
| [Leatherback turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leatherback-turtle/) | *Dermochelys coriacea* | Marine | jellyfish and salp eater |
| [Lesser Coucal](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/centropus-bengalensis/) | *Centropus bengalensis* | Birds | insects and other small animals |
| [Lesser false vampire bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/megaderma-spasma/) | *Megaderma spasma* | Mammals | insects, plus lizards and small rodents |
| [Lesser Frigatebird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/fregata-ariel/) | *Fregata ariel* | Birds | mainly fish (piscivore) and squid |
| [Little Egret](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/egretta-garzetta/) | *Egretta garzetta* | Birds | mainly small fish (piscivore), also insects and other aquatic animals |
| [Loggerhead turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/loggerhead-turtle/) | *Caretta caretta* | Marine | eats hard-shelled prey (clams, snails, crabs) and other invertebrates |
| [Mahakam Irrawaddy dolphin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mahakam-irrawaddy-dolphin/) | *Orcaella brevirostris* | Mammals | fish-eater (piscivore), also squid and crustaceans |
| [Malayan krait](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-krait/) | *Bungarus candidus* | Reptiles | mainly eats other snakes, also rodents and swamp eels |
| [Malayan pit viper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-pit-viper/) | *Calloselasma rhodostoma* | Reptiles | predator of rodents and other small mammals, also frogs and lizards |
| [Malaysian Pied-Fantail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-javanica/) | *Rhipidura javanica* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Marbled Bow-fingered Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cyrtodactylus-marmoratus/) | *Cyrtodactylus marmoratus* | Reptiles | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Marbled cat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/marbled-cat/) | *Pardofelis marmorata* | Mammals | predator of birds and small tree-dwelling mammals |
| [Moluccan Bluespotted Maskray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-moluccensis/) | *Neotrygon moluccensis* | Marine | bottom-feeder on crustaceans (crabs, shrimps) |
| [Muller's Narrowmouth Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/kaloula-baleata/) | *Kaloula baleata* | Amphibians | insect- and small-invertebrate-eater (insectivore) |
| [Northern Fantail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-rufiventris/) | *Rhipidura rufiventris* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Oceanic Manta Ray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mobula-birostris/) | *Mobula birostris* | Marine | plankton filter-feeder, sometimes small fish |
| [Olive ridley turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/olive-ridley-turtle/) | *Lepidochelys olivacea* | Marine | eater of marine invertebrates (jellyfish, snails, shrimp, crabs) |
| [Olive-backed Tailorbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/orthotomus-sepium/) | *Orthotomus sepium* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Oriental Bluespotted Maskray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-orientale/) | *Neotrygon orientale* | Marine | bottom-feeder on crustaceans (crabs, shrimps) |
| [Oriental Long-tailed Grass Lizard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/takydromus-sexlineatus/) | *Takydromus sexlineatus* | Reptiles | eater of insects and other small invertebrates (insectivore) |
| [Oriental magpie-robin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oriental-magpie-robin/) | *Copsychus saularis* | Birds | mainly ground insects, also earthworms, snails and small lizards |
| [Oriental Whipsnake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ahaetulla-prasina/) | *Ahaetulla prasina* | Reptiles | predator of small vertebrates (lizards, frogs, nestling birds) |
| [Pacific Bluetail Skink](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/emoia-caeruleocauda/) | *Emoia caeruleocauda* | Reptiles | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Pacific Reef Heron](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/egretta-sacra/) | *Egretta sacra* | Birds | small fish, crustaceans and insects (piscivore) |
| [Pacific swallow](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hirundo-javanica/) | *Hirundo javanica* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [Painted Bronzeback](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dendrelaphis-pictus/) | *Dendrelaphis pictus* | Reptiles | predator of lizards and frogs |
| [Pied Bushchat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/saxicola-caprata/) | *Saxicola caprata* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Plaintive Cuckoo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cacomantis-merulinus/) | *Cacomantis merulinus* | Birds | insect-eater, especially hairy caterpillars |
| [Poisonous Rock Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/odorrana-hosii/) | *Odorrana hosii* | Amphibians | insect- and small-invertebrate-eater (insectivore) |
| [Puff-faced Water Snake](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/homalopsis-buccata/) | *Homalopsis buccata* | Reptiles | eater of small fish and frogs |
| [Purple Heron](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardea-purpurea/) | *Ardea purpurea* | Birds | mainly fish (piscivore), also frogs, insects and other small animals |
| [Pygmy tarsier](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pygmy-tarsier/) | *Tarsius pumilus* | Mammals | insects and small animals (insectivore) |
| [Rainbow Bee-eater](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/merops-ornatus/) | *Merops ornatus* | Birds | flying insects, especially bees and wasps |
| [Red Percher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neurothemis-ramburii/) | *Neurothemis ramburii* | Invertebrates | insect predator (both adults and aquatic nymphs are predators) |
| [Reef manta ray](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/reef-manta-ray/) | *Mobula alfredi* | Marine | zooplankton filter-feeder |
| [Reinwardt's flying frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/reinwardts-flying-frog/) | *Rhacophorus reinwardtii* | Amphibians | insect- and small-invertebrate-eater (insectivore) |
| [Reticulated Python](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayopython-reticulatus/) | *Malayopython reticulatus* | Reptiles | constrictor that preys mainly on mammals |
| [River Toad](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/phrynoidis-asper/) | *Phrynoidis asper* | Amphibians | insect-eater, mainly ants, termites and beetles |
| [Sacred Kingfisher](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/todiramphus-sanctus/) | *Todiramphus sanctus* | Birds | predator of small animals: insects, crustaceans, small reptiles; sometimes fish |
| [Sahul Brush Cuckoo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cacomantis-variolosus/) | *Cacomantis variolosus* | Birds | insect-eater, especially hairy caterpillars |
| [Saltwater crocodile](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/saltwater-crocodile/) | *Crocodylus porosus* | Reptiles | predator (fish, waterbirds, mammals) and scavenger |
| [Scalloped hammerhead shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/scalloped-hammerhead-shark/) | *Sphyrna lewini* | Marine | predator of fish and squid, also crustaceans and small sharks and rays |
| [Scarlet Skimmer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crocothemis-servilia/) | *Crocothemis servilia* | Invertebrates | insect predator (both adults and aquatic nymphs are predators) |
| [Schlegel's Frog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chalcorana-chalconota/) | *Chalcorana chalconota* | Amphibians | insect- and small-invertebrate-eater (insectivore) |
| [Selayar tarsier](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/selayar-tarsier/) | *Tarsius tarsier* | Mammals | insects and small vertebrates (live prey only) |
| [Slender Skimmer](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/orthetrum-sabina/) | *Orthetrum sabina* | Invertebrates | predator of flying insects, including other dragonflies |
| [Smooth-coated otter](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/smooth-coated-otter/) | *Lutrogale perspicillata* | Mammals | fish-eater (piscivore), also shrimps, crabs and frogs |
| [Spinner Dolphin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/stenella-longirostris/) | *Stenella longirostris* | Mammals | fish and squid eater (piscivore) |
| [Spotted seahorse](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spotted-seahorse/) | *Hippocampus kuda* | Marine | zooplankton and small-crustacean eater |
| [Straight-edge Red Parasol](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neurothemis-terminata/) | *Neurothemis terminata* | Invertebrates | insect predator (both adults and aquatic nymphs are predators) |
| [Striated Heron](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/butorides-striata/) | *Butorides striata* | Birds | mainly fish (piscivore), also frogs, insects and crustaceans |
| [Sumatran tiger](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-tiger/) | *Panthera tigris sondaica* | Mammals | predator, mainly wild pigs and deer |
| [Sunda clouded leopard](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-clouded-leopard/) | *Neofelis diardi* | Mammals | predator: deer, mouse-deer, wild pigs, primates, birds and fish |
| [Sunda king cobra](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-king-cobra/) | *Ophiophagus bungarus* | Reptiles | snake-eater (ophiophagous), sometimes lizards |
| [Sunda pangolin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-pangolin/) | *Manis javanica* | Mammals | ant and termite eater (insectivore) |
| [Sunda scops owl](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-scops-owl/) | *Otus lempiji* | Birds | insects and other small animals |
| [Tasselled Wobbegong](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eucrossorhinus-dasypogon/) | *Eucrossorhinus dasypogon* | Marine | ambush predator of bottom fishes and invertebrates |
| [Tatar Horseshoe Bat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhinolophus-tatar/) | *Rhinolophus tatar* | Mammals | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Tiger shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tiger-shark/) | *Galeocerdo cuvier* | Marine | predator and scavenger with an extremely broad diet |
| [Tokay Gecko](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gekko-gecko/) | *Gekko gecko* | Reptiles | insect-eater (insectivore), sometimes small vertebrates |
| [Uniform Swiftlet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aerodramus-vanikorensis/) | *Aerodramus vanikorensis* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [Wagler's Pit Viper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tropidolaemus-wagleri/) | *Tropidolaemus wagleri* | Reptiles | predator of rodents and birds |
| [Whale shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/whale-shark/) | *Rhincodon typus* | Marine | filter-feeder on plankton and small fish |
| [White-bellied Sea Eagle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/haliaeetus-leucogaster/) | *Haliaeetus leucogaster* | Birds | predator (fish, reptiles, birds, mammals) and scavenger |
| [White-breasted Woodswallow](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/artamus-leucorhynchos/) | *Artamus leucorhynchos* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [White-lipped Island Pitviper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trimeresurus-insularis/) | *Trimeresurus insularis* | Reptiles | predator of small vertebrates (frogs, birds, small mammals) |
| [White-lipped Pit Viper](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trimeresurus-albolabris/) | *Trimeresurus albolabris* | Reptiles | predator of small vertebrates (lizards, frogs, rodents, small birds) |
| [White-nest Swiftlet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aerodramus-fuciphagus/) | *Aerodramus fuciphagus* | Birds | eats flying insects caught in the air (insectivore) |
| [White-rumped shama](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/white-rumped-shama/) | *Copsychus malabaricus* | Birds | mainly arthropods (insects), also worms and berries |
| [White-shouldered Triller](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lalage-sueurii/) | *Lalage sueurii* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Whitetip Reef Shark](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/triaenodon-obesus/) | *Triaenodon obesus* | Marine | predator of bottom animals (fish, octopus, spiny lobsters, crabs) |
| [Willie Wagtail](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-leucophrys/) | *Rhipidura leucophrys* | Birds | insect-eater (insectivore) |
| [Yellow-lipped Sea Krait](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/laticauda-colubrina/) | *Laticauda colubrina* | Reptiles | eel-eater (piscivore) |
| [Zitting Cisticola](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cisticola-juncidis/) | *Cisticola juncidis* | Birds | insects and small invertebrates, plus some grass seeds |

## omnivore (eats plants and animals) (41)

| Name | Scientific name | Group | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| [American cockroach](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/american-cockroach/) | *Periplaneta americana* | Invertebrates | eats almost any organic matter (omnivore) |
| [Asian Palm Civet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/paradoxurus-hermaphroditus/) | *Paradoxurus hermaphroditus* | Mammals | mainly fruit, plus palm sap, insects and small animals |
| [Asian Weaver Ant](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oecophylla-smaragdina/) | *Oecophylla smaragdina* | Invertebrates | predator of small insects that also feeds on honeydew from sap-sucking insects and on nectar |
| [Bali myna](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bali-myna/) | *Leucopsar rothschildi* | Birds | fruit, seeds, insects and other small animals |
| [Bearded pig](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bearded-pig/) | *Sus barbatus* | Mammals | roots, fruit, seeds, earthworms and carrion |
| [Binturong](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/binturong/) | *Arctictis binturong* | Mammals | mainly fruit (figs), plus small animals, eggs and carrion |
| [Black rat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-rat/) | *Rattus rattus* | Mammals | mainly grain and fruit, plus insects |
| [Black Sunbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leptocoma-sericea/) | *Leptocoma sericea* | Birds | nectar and small insects |
| [Black-naped Oriole](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oriolus-chinensis/) | *Oriolus chinensis* | Birds | fruit and insects |
| [Black-striped Squirrel](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-nigrovittatus/) | *Callosciurus nigrovittatus* | Mammals | fruit and insects |
| [Black-winged myna](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-winged-myna/) | *Acridotheres melanopterus* | Birds | insects, fruit and nectar |
| [Brown rat](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/brown-rat/) | *Rattus norvegicus* | Mammals | eats almost anything: grain, human food waste and small animals |
| [Brown-throated Sunbird](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/anthreptes-malacensis/) | *Anthreptes malacensis* | Birds | nectar and insects |
| [Coppersmith Barbet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/psilopogon-haemacephalus/) | *Psilopogon haemacephalus* | Birds | mainly fruit, also insects |
| [Crested black macaque](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crested-black-macaque/) | *Macaca nigra* | Mammals | mainly fruit (figs), plus insects and small animals |
| [Domestic dog](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dog/) | *Canis lupus familiaris* | Companions | omnivore: animal and plant foods |
| [Eurasian tree sparrow](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/passer-montanus/) | *Passer montanus* | Birds | mainly seeds, with a significant share of animal food such as insects |
| [Giant clam](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/giant-clam/) | *Tridacna gigas* | Marine | filter-feeder on plankton (phytoplankton and zooplankton); most of its nutrition comes from symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) in its tissues |
| [Greater bird-of-paradise](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/greater-bird-of-paradise/) | *Paradisaea apoda* | Birds | fruit and arthropods (e.g. insects) |
| [Green Junglefowl](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gallus-varius/) | *Gallus varius* | Birds | seeds, plant matter and insects |
| [Green peafowl](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/green-peafowl/) | *Pavo muticus* | Birds | fruit, berries, buds and leaves, insects, frogs and small reptiles |
| [Helmeted hornbill](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/helmeted-hornbill/) | *Rhinoplax vigil* | Birds | mainly figs, but also hunts small animals (squirrels, snakes, birds) |
| [Javan pied starling](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-pied-starling/) | *Gracupica jalla* | Birds | soil invertebrates (e.g. earthworms) and fruit |
| [Javan slow loris](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-slow-loris/) | *Nycticebus javanicus* | Mammals | tree gum, nectar and insects |
| [Long-tailed macaque](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-fascicularis/) | *Macaca fascicularis* | Mammals | mainly fruit, plus crabs, insects, leaves and flowers |
| [Malay civet](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malay-civet/) | *Viverra tangalunga* | Mammals | hunts small animals and insects; also eats fruit, eggs and roots |
| [Maleo](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/maleo/) | *Macrocephalon maleo* | Birds | fallen fruit and seeds, plus insects and other invertebrates on the forest floor |
| [Moor Macaque](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-maura/) | *Macaca maura* | Mammals | mainly fruit (figs), plus insects and leaves |
| [Painted terrapin](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/painted-terrapin/) | *Batagur borneoensis* | Reptiles | mangrove fruit and leaves, plus crustaceans and snails |
| [Philippine slow loris](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/philippine-slow-loris/) | *Nycticebus menagensis* | Mammals | tree sap/gum, insects and small vertebrates |
| [Pig-nosed turtle](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pig-nosed-turtle/) | *Carettochelys insculpta* | Reptiles | omnivore: fruit, flowers, leaves, molluscs and insects |
| [Plantain Squirrel](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-notatus/) | *Callosciurus notatus* | Mammals | fruit, seeds, sap and insects |
| [Red bird-of-paradise](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/red-bird-of-paradise/) | *Paradisaea rubra* | Birds | fruit and arthropods (e.g. insects) |
| [Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicaeum-trochileum/) | *Dicaeum trochileum* | Birds | small fruit, nectar and insects |
| [Southern Pig-tailed Macaque](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-nemestrina/) | *Macaca nemestrina* | Mammals | mainly fruit, plus insects, seeds, crabs and nestling birds |
| [Sulawesi babirusa](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sulawesi-babirusa/) | *Babyrousa celebensis* | Mammals | leaves, roots, fruit and small animals (invertebrates and small vertebrates) |
| [Sun bear](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sun-bear/) | *Helarctos malayanus* | Mammals | insects (termites, bees), honey, earthworms and fruit |
| [Sunda slow loris](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-slow-loris/) | *Nycticebus coucang* | Mammals | gum, nectar and fruit; plus insects, snails and eggs |
| [White-breasted Waterhen](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/amaurornis-phoenicurus/) | *Amaurornis phoenicurus* | Birds | insects, worms, snails, small fish, grain and parts of marsh plants |
| [Wild Boar](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sus-scrofa/) | *Sus scrofa* | Mammals | plants (tubers, roots, fruit, seeds) plus small animals, eggs and carrion |
| [Yellow fever mosquito](https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/yellow-fever-mosquito/) | *Aedes aegypti* | Invertebrates | females take blood (to produce eggs); both sexes feed on plant nectar |