{"source":"https://panduanhewan.org/","license":"IUCN categories: CC BY 4.0 (IUCN via GBIF). Cite PanduanHewan.org page URLs.","generated":"2026-09-25T17:21:34.093Z","count":261,"species":[{"id":"species:cat","scientificName":"Felis catus","name":{"id":"Kucing domestik","en":"Domestic cat"},"group":"companion","family":null,"rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Rumah dan permukiman di seluruh Indonesia","en":"Homes and settlements across Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Kenali kebutuhan kucing di rumah dan lingkungan sekitar: ruang yang aman, makanan yang sesuai, perilaku alami, dan tanggung jawab perawatan sepanjang hidup.","en":"Understand cats at home and in your neighbourhood: safe spaces, suitable food, natural behaviour, and a lifelong responsibility for their care."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kucing/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cat/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kucing/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cat/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":null,"inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:dog","scientificName":"Canis lupus familiaris","name":{"id":"Anjing domestik","en":"Domestic dog"},"group":"companion","family":null,"rank":"subspecies","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Rumah, desa, dan perkotaan di Indonesia","en":"Homes, villages, and cities in Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Anjing membutuhkan hubungan sosial, ruang untuk beristirahat, latihan yang sesuai, dan perawatan terencana. Kenali kebutuhan individu sebelum memilih untuk mengadopsi.","en":"Dogs need social connection, space to rest, suitable exercise, and planned care. Understand the individual animal before making an adoption commitment."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/anjing/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dog/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/anjing/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dog/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":null,"inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sumatran-orangutan","scientificName":"Pongo abelii","name":{"id":"Orangutan Sumatera","en":"Sumatran orangutan"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hominidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — Critically Endangered","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/orangutan/sumatran-orangutan/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Sumatera bagian utara","en":"Northern Sumatra"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Kera besar penghuni tajuk hutan Sumatera bagian utara. Kelangsungan hidupnya bergantung pada hutan yang terhubung, regenerasi pohon, dan hubungan aman dengan manusia.","en":"A great ape of northern Sumatra’s forest canopy. Its future depends on connected forests, regenerating trees, and safe coexistence with people."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orangutan-sumatera/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-orangutan/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orangutan-sumatera/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-orangutan/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5707420","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:komodo-dragon","scientificName":"Varanus komodoensis","name":{"id":"Komodo","en":"Komodo dragon"},"group":"reptile","family":"Varanidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Terancam — Endangered","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://komododragon.org/conservation-status/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Nusa Tenggara Timur: Flores dan pulau-pulau sekitarnya","en":"East Nusa Tenggara: Flores and nearby islands"},"habitats":["habitat:savanna"],"summary":{"id":"Kadal terbesar yang masih hidup, berasal dari sejumlah pulau di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Kenali hubungan komodo dengan mangsa, habitat kering, dan konservasi tiap pulau.","en":"The largest living lizard, native to a small group of islands in East Nusa Tenggara. Explore its links with prey, dry habitats, and island-specific conservation."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/komodo/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/komodo-dragon/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/komodo/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/komodo-dragon/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2470854","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sumatran-tiger","scientificName":"Panthera tigris sondaica","name":{"id":"Harimau Sumatera","en":"Sumatran tiger"},"group":"mammal","family":"Felidae","rank":"subspecies","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — profil harimau Sunda WWF","en":"Critically Endangered — WWF Sunda profile"},"source":"https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/tiger/sunda-tiger/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Sumatera","en":"Sumatra"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Populasi harimau terakhir di Kepulauan Sunda bertahan di Sumatera. Perlindungan hutan, satwa mangsa, dan jalur jelajahnya mendukung kelangsungan seluruh bentang alam.","en":"The last surviving Sunda Island tiger population lives in Sumatra. Protecting forest, prey, and movement routes supports a whole living landscape."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/harimau-sumatera/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-tiger/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/harimau-sumatera/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-tiger/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219422","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sumatran-elephant","scientificName":"Elephas maximus sumatranus","name":{"id":"Gajah Sumatera","en":"Sumatran elephant"},"group":"mammal","family":"Elephantidae","rank":"subspecies","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — Critically Endangered","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/elephant/asian-elephant/sumatran-elephant/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Bentang alam berhutan di Sumatera","en":"Forested landscapes in Sumatra"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Herbivora besar yang memindahkan biji dan membentuk hutan. Konservasinya memerlukan ruang jelajah yang terhubung serta solusi bersama masyarakat di sekitar habitat.","en":"A large herbivore that disperses seeds and shapes forests. Its conservation needs connected movement space and solutions developed with communities living nearby."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gajah-sumatera/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-elephant/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gajah-sumatera/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-elephant/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219463","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:javan-rhino","scientificName":"Rhinoceros sondaicus","name":{"id":"Badak Jawa","en":"Javan rhinoceros"},"group":"mammal","family":"Rhinocerotidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — Critically Endangered","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://rhinos.org/about-rhinos/rhino-species/javan-rhino/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon, Banten","en":"Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Badak bercula satu dengan satu populasi liar yang tersisa di Ujung Kulon. Perlindungan ketat dan pemeliharaan habitat menjadi penopang masa depannya.","en":"A one-horned rhinoceros with a single surviving wild population in Ujung Kulon. Strong protection and careful habitat management underpin its future."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/badak-jawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-rhino/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/badak-jawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-rhino/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5220112","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:proboscis-monkey","scientificName":"Nasalis larvatus","name":{"id":"Bekantan","en":"Proboscis monkey"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Terancam — Endangered","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.mandai.com/en/singapore-zoo/animals-and-zones/proboscis-monkey.html","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Kalimantan dan bagian lain Pulau Borneo","en":"Kalimantan and other parts of Borneo"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves","habitat:freshwater-wetlands","habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Primata endemik Borneo dengan hubungan erat pada hutan tepi sungai, mangrove, dan rawa. Hidung besar jantan hanyalah satu bagian dari adaptasinya yang khas.","en":"A Borneo-endemic primate closely linked to river forests, mangroves, and swamps. The male’s large nose is only one of its distinctive adaptations."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/bekantan/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/proboscis-monkey/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/bekantan/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/proboscis-monkey/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436525","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:javan-slow-loris","scientificName":"Nycticebus javanicus","name":{"id":"Kukang Jawa","en":"Javan slow loris"},"group":"mammal","family":"Lorisidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — Critically Endangered","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.nocturama.org/en/welcome-little-fireface-project/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Jawa, Indonesia","en":"Java, Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Primata nokturnal Jawa yang hidup di pepohonan dan menghadapi ancaman perdagangan. Memahami perilakunya membantu membedakan rasa ingin tahu dari gangguan pada satwa.","en":"A nocturnal, tree-dwelling primate of Java threatened by wildlife trade. Understanding its behaviour helps turn curiosity into respectful observation."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kukang-jawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-slow-loris/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kukang-jawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-slow-loris/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5786064","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:red-bird-of-paradise","scientificName":"Paradisaea rubra","name":{"id":"Cenderawasih merah","en":"Red bird-of-paradise"},"group":"bird","family":"Paradisaeidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2494858","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pulau-pulau Raja Ampat, termasuk Waigeo dan Batanta","en":"Raja Ampat islands, including Waigeo and Batanta"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Burung penghuni hutan Raja Ampat dengan bulu merah dan dua pita ekor panjang pada jantan. Keindahannya menghubungkan pengamatan burung dengan perlindungan hutan.","en":"A forest bird of Raja Ampat whose males carry red plumes and two long tail ribbons. Its striking displays connect birdwatching with forest conservation."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cenderawasih-merah/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/red-bird-of-paradise/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cenderawasih-merah/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/red-bird-of-paradise/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2494858","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:green-turtle","scientificName":"Chelonia mydas","name":{"id":"Penyu hijau","en":"Green turtle"},"group":"marine","family":"Cheloniidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko Rendah global — penilaian 2025","en":"Least Concern globally — 2025 assessment"},"source":"https://www.iucn-mtsg.org/statuses","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Perairan pesisir dan pantai peneluran di Indonesia serta samudra tropis lain","en":"Indonesian coastal waters and nesting beaches, and other tropical oceans"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Reptil laut yang menghubungkan padang lamun, perairan pesisir, dan pantai peneluran. Pemulihan global tidak menghapus ancaman yang dihadapi penyu di setiap lokasi.","en":"A marine reptile connecting seagrass meadows, coastal waters, and nesting beaches. Global recovery does not remove the threats turtles face at individual sites."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-hijau/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/green-turtle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-hijau/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/green-turtle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2442225","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:bali-myna","scientificName":"Leucopsar rothschildi","name":{"id":"Jalak Bali","en":"Bali myna"},"group":"bird","family":"Sturnidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — Critically Endangered","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://begawan.org/conservation/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Bali; populasi pelepasliaran juga perlu dibedakan dari sebaran asli","en":"Bali; released populations must be distinguished from original range"},"habitats":["habitat:savanna"],"summary":{"id":"Burung putih khas Bali dengan kulit biru di sekitar mata. Kisahnya memperlihatkan hubungan antara perdagangan burung, habitat, penangkaran konservasi, dan peran masyarakat.","en":"A distinctive white bird of Bali with blue skin around the eyes. Its story connects the bird trade, habitat, conservation breeding, and community stewardship."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/jalak-bali/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bali-myna/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/jalak-bali/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bali-myna/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2489068","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:bornean-orangutan","scientificName":"Pongo pygmaeus","name":{"id":"Orangutan Kalimantan","en":"Bornean orangutan"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hominidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — Critically Endangered","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/orangutan/bornean-orangutan/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Pulau Borneo, termasuk Kalimantan","en":"Borneo, including Kalimantan"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Kera besar penghuni hutan Borneo, termasuk rawa gambut Kalimantan. Keragaman populasi dan hubungan antarhabitat penting untuk memahami konservasinya.","en":"A great ape of Borneo’s forests, including Kalimantan’s peat swamps. Population diversity and connections between habitats are central to its conservation."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orangutan-kalimantan/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bornean-orangutan/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orangutan-kalimantan/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bornean-orangutan/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219532","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:tapanuli-orangutan","scientificName":"Pongo tapanuliensis","name":{"id":"Orangutan Tapanuli","en":"Tapanuli orangutan"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hominidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — Critically Endangered","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://sumatranorangutan.org/who-we-are/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Bentang alam Batang Toru, Sumatera Utara","en":"Batang Toru landscape, North Sumatra"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Spesies orangutan yang dideskripsikan pada 2017 dari Batang Toru. Sebarannya yang sangat terbatas membuat perlindungan hutan yang tersisa menjadi penting.","en":"An orangutan species described in 2017 from Batang Toru. Its exceptionally restricted range makes protection of remaining forest especially important."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orangutan-tapanuli/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tapanuli-orangutan/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orangutan-tapanuli/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tapanuli-orangutan/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9311132","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sumatran-rhino","scientificName":"Dicerorhinus sumatrensis","name":{"id":"Badak Sumatera","en":"Sumatran rhinoceros"},"group":"mammal","family":"Rhinocerotidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — Critically Endangered","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://rhinos.org/about-rhinos/rhino-species/sumatran-rhino/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Kantong habitat tersisa di Indonesia: Sumatera dan Kalimantan","en":"Remaining Indonesian habitat pockets in Sumatra and Kalimantan"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Badak Asia bercula dua yang ukurannya paling kecil di antara badak hidup. Populasi yang terpisah membuat pertemuan pasangan dan perlindungan habitat menjadi tantangan.","en":"The smallest living rhino and the only two-horned Asian rhino. Isolated populations make finding mates and protecting habitat particular challenges."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/badak-sumatera/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-rhino/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/badak-sumatera/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sumatran-rhino/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440878","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:lowland-anoa","scientificName":"Bubalus depressicornis","name":{"id":"Anoa dataran rendah","en":"Lowland anoa"},"group":"mammal","family":"Bovidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Terancam — Endangered","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.asianwildcattle.org/anoa.html","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Sulawesi dan Buton","en":"Sulawesi and Buton"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Kerabat kerbau bertubuh kecil dari Sulawesi dan Buton. Kehidupan hutan, sumber air, dan perburuan menjadi bagian penting kisah konservasi anoa.","en":"A small buffalo relative from Sulawesi and Buton. Forest life, water sources, and hunting pressures are central to the anoa’s conservation story."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/anoa-dataran-rendah/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lowland-anoa/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/anoa-dataran-rendah/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lowland-anoa/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8085503","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sulawesi-babirusa","scientificName":"Babyrousa celebensis","name":{"id":"Babirusa Sulawesi","en":"Sulawesi babirusa"},"group":"mammal","family":"Suidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan — Vulnerable","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.iucn-wpsg.org/sulawesi-babirusa-detailed","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Sulawesi; cakupan taksonomi mengikuti kelompok spesialis","en":"Sulawesi; taxonomic scope follows the specialist group"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Babi liar Sulawesi dengan taring atas jantan yang melengkung melalui kulit moncong. Profil ini memisahkan spesies Sulawesi dari babirusa pulau lain.","en":"A Sulawesi wild pig whose males have upper tusks curving through the snout’s skin. This profile distinguishes it from babirusas on other islands."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/babirusa-sulawesi/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sulawesi-babirusa/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/babirusa-sulawesi/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sulawesi-babirusa/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/4262912","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:javan-gibbon","scientificName":"Hylobates moloch","name":{"id":"Owa Jawa","en":"Javan gibbon"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hylobatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219552","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Hutan di Pulau Jawa","en":"Forests on Java"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kera kecil berwarna keperakan yang bergantung pada tajuk hutan Jawa. Suara, hubungan keluarga, dan jalur antarpepohonan membentuk kehidupannya.","en":"A silvery small ape dependent on Java’s forest canopy. Calls, family relationships, and routes through the trees shape its life."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/owa-jawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-gibbon/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/owa-jawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-gibbon/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219552","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:siamang","scientificName":"Symphalangus syndactylus","name":{"id":"Siamang","en":"Siamang"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hylobatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Terancam — Endangered","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/siamang","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Sumatera dan Semenanjung Malaya","en":"Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Owa terbesar dengan kantong tenggorokan yang menguatkan suara. Kehidupan kelompoknya menghubungkan komunikasi, perawatan anak, dan hutan yang terhubung.","en":"The largest gibbon, with a throat sac that amplifies its calls. Group life connects communication, infant care, and connected forest."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/siamang/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/siamang/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/siamang/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/siamang/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/4267277","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:malayan-tapir","scientificName":"Tapirus indicus","name":{"id":"Tapir Asia","en":"Malayan tapir"},"group":"mammal","family":"Tapiridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Terancam — Endangered","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.mandai.com/en/discover-mandai/events/stars-of-mandai/bayu.html","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Sumatera dan sebagian Asia Tenggara daratan","en":"Sumatra and parts of mainland Southeast Asia"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Tapir hitam-putih yang merupakan satu-satunya tapir Asia. Hutan, air, dan ruang bergerak yang aman menopang hidupnya di Sumatera.","en":"The black-and-white tapir is Asia’s only tapir. Forest, water, and safe movement space support its life in Sumatra."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tapir-asia/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-tapir/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tapir-asia/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-tapir/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440896","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:banteng","scientificName":"Bos javanicus","name":{"id":"Banteng","en":"Banteng"},"group":"mammal","family":"Bovidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — pembaruan 2024","en":"Critically Endangered — 2024 update"},"source":"https://www.asianwildcattle.org/news.html","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Jawa, Borneo, dan sebagian Asia Tenggara daratan","en":"Java, Borneo, and parts of mainland Southeast Asia"},"habitats":["habitat:savanna","habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Sapi liar Asia yang berkerabat dengan sapi Bali. Status globalnya berubah menjadi Kritis pada 2024, menegaskan pentingnya perlindungan populasi liar.","en":"An Asian wild cattle species related to Bali cattle. Its global status changed to Critically Endangered in 2024, underlining the need to protect wild populations."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/banteng/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banteng/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/banteng/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banteng/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441027","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:timor-deer","scientificName":"Rusa timorensis","name":{"id":"Rusa Timor","en":"Timor deer"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cervidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/4262397","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Indonesia; sebaran luas dipengaruhi pemindahan oleh manusia","en":"Indonesia; wider distribution shaped by human introductions"},"habitats":["habitat:savanna"],"summary":{"id":"Rusa pemakan tumbuhan yang menggunakan padang rumput dan kawasan berpohon. Memahami asal populasi penting karena spesies ini dipindahkan ke banyak lokasi.","en":"A plant-eating deer using grasslands and wooded areas. Population origins matter because people have introduced this species to many locations."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rusa-timor/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/timor-deer/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rusa-timor/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/timor-deer/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/4262397","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:javan-leopard","scientificName":"Panthera pardus melas","name":{"id":"Macan tutul Jawa","en":"Javan leopard"},"group":"mammal","family":"Felidae","rank":"subspecies","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Terancam — Endangered","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.catsg.org/javanleopard","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Jawa","en":"Java"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kucing besar endemik Jawa dengan bentuk berbintik maupun hitam. Hutan yang terhubung dan pengelolaan perjumpaan manusia penting bagi kelangsungannya.","en":"A big cat endemic to Java with spotted and black forms. Connected forests and careful management of human encounters matter for its survival."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macan-tutul-jawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-leopard/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macan-tutul-jawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-leopard/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219441","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sunda-clouded-leopard","scientificName":"Neofelis diardi","name":{"id":"Macan dahan Sunda","en":"Sunda clouded leopard"},"group":"mammal","family":"Felidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan — tingkat spesies","en":"Vulnerable — species level"},"source":"https://www.catsg.org/living-species-sundacloudedleopard","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Sumatera dan Borneo","en":"Sumatra and Borneo"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kucing hutan bercorak awan dari Sumatera dan Borneo. Penelitian jangka panjang membantu mengungkap satwa yang jarang terlihat ini.","en":"A cloud-patterned forest cat from Sumatra and Borneo. Long-term research helps reveal the life of this rarely seen animal."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macan-dahan-sunda/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-clouded-leopard/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macan-dahan-sunda/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-clouded-leopard/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5787229","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sun-bear","scientificName":"Helarctos malayanus","name":{"id":"Beruang madu","en":"Sun bear"},"group":"mammal","family":"Ursidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan — Vulnerable","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.bsbcc.org.my/sun-bear-facts","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Asia Tenggara, termasuk Sumatera dan Borneo","en":"Southeast Asia, including Sumatra and Borneo"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Beruang terkecil di dunia yang mampu memanjat dan memakan beragam sumber makanan hutan. Namanya tidak berarti madu adalah seluruh makanannya.","en":"The world’s smallest bear climbs trees and uses varied forest foods. Its Indonesian name, honey bear, does not describe its entire diet."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/beruang-madu/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sun-bear/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/beruang-madu/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sun-bear/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2433403","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sunda-pangolin","scientificName":"Manis javanica","name":{"id":"Trenggiling Sunda","en":"Sunda pangolin"},"group":"mammal","family":"Manidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis — Critically Endangered","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://pangolinsg.org/portfolio/sunda-pangolin/","curated":true,"checked":null},"range":{"id":"Asia Tenggara, termasuk Sumatera, Jawa, dan Borneo","en":"Southeast Asia, including Sumatra, Java, and Borneo"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Mamalia bersisik pemakan semut dan rayap yang terancam perdagangan ilegal. Kebiasaan memanjat dan bersembunyi membuat pengamatan langsungnya sulit.","en":"A scaled, ant- and termite-eating mammal threatened by illegal trade. Climbing and secretive behaviour make direct observation difficult."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trenggiling-sunda/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-pangolin/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trenggiling-sunda/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-pangolin/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219628","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:dugong","scientificName":"Dugong dugon","name":{"id":"Dugong","en":"Dugong"},"group":"marine","family":"Dugongidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9729967","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pesisir Indo-Pasifik, termasuk Indonesia","en":"Indo-Pacific coasts, including Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Mamalia laut pemakan lamun yang membutuhkan perairan pesisir sehat. Kehidupan dugong menghubungkan padang lamun, teluk terlindung, dan kegiatan manusia di laut dangkal.","en":"A seagrass-eating marine mammal dependent on healthy coastal waters. Dugong life connects seagrass meadows, sheltered bays, and human activity in shallow seas."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dugong/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dugong/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dugong/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dugong/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9729967","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:mahakam-irrawaddy-dolphin","scientificName":"Orcaella brevirostris","name":{"id":"Pesut Mahakam","en":"Mahakam Irrawaddy dolphin"},"group":"mammal","family":"Delphinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440460","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Populasi Sungai Mahakam, Kalimantan Timur","en":"Mahakam River population, East Kalimantan"},"habitats":["habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Profil populasi pesut di Sungai Mahakam, bukan seluruh pesut dunia. Kelangsungannya berkaitan dengan ikan, lahan basah, lalu lintas sungai, dan mata pencaharian warga.","en":"A profile of the Mahakam River dolphin population, rather than all Irrawaddy dolphins worldwide. Its future is connected to fish, wetlands, river traffic, and local livelihoods."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pesut-mahakam/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mahakam-irrawaddy-dolphin/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pesut-mahakam/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mahakam-irrawaddy-dolphin/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440460","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:whale-shark","scientificName":"Rhincodon typus","name":{"id":"Hiu paus","en":"Whale shark"},"group":"marine","family":"Rhincodontidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2417522","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Laut tropis, termasuk beberapa kawasan perairan Indonesia","en":"Tropical seas, including several Indonesian marine areas"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ikan terbesar yang masih hidup, dengan pola totol khas dan cara makan menyaring. Perlindungannya memerlukan perhatian pada perjalanan laut, kapal, perikanan, dan wisata.","en":"The largest living fish, with distinctive spots and filter-feeding behaviour. Its protection involves ocean movements, boats, fisheries, and tourism."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hiu-paus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/whale-shark/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hiu-paus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/whale-shark/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2417522","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:reef-manta-ray","scientificName":"Mobula alfredi","name":{"id":"Pari manta karang","en":"Reef manta ray"},"group":"marine","family":"Myliobatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9241141","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Perairan tropis Indo-Pasifik, termasuk Indonesia","en":"Tropical Indo-Pacific waters, including Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Pari besar yang menyaring zooplankton dan menggunakan kawasan pesisir serta terumbu. Kenali spesiesnya, perilaku makan, dan pentingnya memberi ruang saat mengamati.","en":"A large ray that filters zooplankton and uses coastal and reef areas. Learn its identity, feeding behaviour, and why observation needs to leave it space."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pari-manta-karang/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/reef-manta-ray/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pari-manta-karang/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/reef-manta-ray/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9241141","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:hawksbill-turtle","scientificName":"Eretmochelys imbricata","name":{"id":"Penyu sisik","en":"Hawksbill turtle"},"group":"marine","family":"Cheloniidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis (Critically Endangered)","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8841716","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Laut tropis dunia, termasuk Indonesia","en":"Tropical seas worldwide, including Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Penyu berparuh runcing yang erat terkait terumbu karang. Perdagangan karapas, tangkapan sampingan, dan hilangnya habitat menghubungkan pilihan manusia dengan masa depannya.","en":"A pointed-beaked turtle closely associated with coral reefs. Shell trade, accidental capture, and habitat loss connect human choices with its future."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-sisik/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hawksbill-turtle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-sisik/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hawksbill-turtle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8841716","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:olive-ridley-turtle","scientificName":"Lepidochelys olivacea","name":{"id":"Penyu lekang","en":"Olive ridley turtle"},"group":"marine","family":"Cheloniidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2442153","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Samudra tropis dan pantai peneluran, termasuk Indonesia","en":"Tropical oceans and nesting beaches, including Indonesia"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Penyu berukuran relatif kecil yang menjelajah laut lepas dan kembali ke pantai untuk bertelur. Tidak semua populasi melakukan peneluran massal yang terkenal itu.","en":"A relatively small turtle that travels through open seas and returns to beaches to nest. Not every population performs its famous mass-nesting behaviour."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-lekang/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/olive-ridley-turtle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-lekang/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/olive-ridley-turtle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2442153","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:saltwater-crocodile","scientificName":"Crocodylus porosus","name":{"id":"Buaya muara","en":"Saltwater crocodile"},"group":"reptile","family":"Crocodylidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441333","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Asia Selatan dan Tenggara hingga Australia utara, termasuk Indonesia","en":"South and Southeast Asia to northern Australia, including Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Reptil besar yang dapat memakai perairan asin maupun tawar. Pemahaman habitat dan penghormatan terhadap ruang satwa penting untuk keselamatan warga serta konservasi.","en":"A large reptile capable of using both salt and fresh water. Understanding its habitat and respecting its space matters for community safety and conservation."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/buaya-muara/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/saltwater-crocodile/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/buaya-muara/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/saltwater-crocodile/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441333","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:javan-hawk-eagle","scientificName":"Nisaetus bartelsi","name":{"id":"Elang Jawa","en":"Javan hawk-eagle"},"group":"bird","family":"Accipitridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5788506","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pulau Jawa","en":"Java"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Elang berjambul endemik Jawa yang kehidupannya bergantung pada hutan. Pohon sarang, masa pengasuhan, dan ruang jelajah membuat perlindungannya memerlukan perhatian jangka panjang.","en":"A crested eagle endemic to Java and dependent on forest. Nest trees, parental care, and movement space make its protection a long-term commitment."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/elang-jawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-hawk-eagle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/elang-jawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-hawk-eagle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5788506","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:maleo","scientificName":"Macrocephalon maleo","name":{"id":"Maleo","en":"Maleo"},"group":"bird","family":"Megapodiidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis (Critically Endangered)","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2482154","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sulawesi dan pulau satelit tertentu","en":"Sulawesi and certain satellite islands"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Burung Sulawesi yang memakai panas lingkungan untuk menetaskan telur. Kelangsungannya menghubungkan hutan tempat hidup dengan lokasi peneluran yang sangat khusus.","en":"A Sulawesi bird that uses environmental heat to incubate its eggs. Its survival connects forest living areas with highly specialised nesting grounds."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/maleo/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/maleo/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/maleo/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/maleo/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2482154","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:yellow-crested-cockatoo","scientificName":"Cacatua sulphurea","name":{"id":"Kakatua kecil jambul kuning","en":"Yellow-crested cockatoo"},"group":"bird","family":"Psittacidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis (Critically Endangered)","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479893","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pulau-pulau tertentu di Indonesia, termasuk Sulawesi dan Nusa Tenggara","en":"Selected Indonesian islands, including Sulawesi and the Lesser Sundas"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Kakatua putih berjambul kuning dengan populasi pulau yang perlu dibedakan secara cermat. Pohon pakan, sarang, tempat tidur, dan pencegahan perdagangan saling melengkapi perlindungannya.","en":"A white, yellow-crested cockatoo whose island populations need careful distinction. Feeding, nesting, and roosting trees complement efforts to prevent harmful trade."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kakatua-kecil-jambul-kuning/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/yellow-crested-cockatoo/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kakatua-kecil-jambul-kuning/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/yellow-crested-cockatoo/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479893","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:southern-cassowary","scientificName":"Casuarius casuarius","name":{"id":"Kasuari gelambir ganda","en":"Southern cassowary"},"group":"bird","family":"Casuariidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231783","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Nugini dan sebagian Indonesia timur; Australia timur laut","en":"New Guinea and parts of eastern Indonesia; northeastern Australia"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Burung besar yang tidak terbang dan menyebarkan biji melalui makanannya. Profil ini membahas Casuarius casuarius, salah satu spesies kasuari di kawasan Nugini.","en":"A large flightless bird that disperses seeds through its feeding. This profile concerns Casuarius casuarius, one of the cassowary species in the New Guinea region."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kasuari-gelambir-ganda/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/southern-cassowary/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kasuari-gelambir-ganda/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/southern-cassowary/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231783","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:green-peafowl","scientificName":"Pavo muticus","name":{"id":"Merak hijau","en":"Green peafowl"},"group":"bird","family":"Phasianidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2473599","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sebagian Asia Tenggara; di Indonesia terdapat di Jawa","en":"Parts of Southeast Asia; in Indonesia, Java"},"habitats":["habitat:savanna","habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Burung besar dengan leher hijau berkilau yang memerlukan kawasan berhutan dan ruang terbuka. Merak hijau memiliki identitas berbeda dari merak biru yang sering dipelihara.","en":"A large bird with a shimmering green neck that uses wooded landscapes and openings. Green peafowl are distinct from the blue peafowl often seen in captivity."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/merak-hijau/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/green-peafowl/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/merak-hijau/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/green-peafowl/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2473599","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:helmeted-hornbill","scientificName":"Rhinoplax vigil","name":{"id":"Rangkong gading","en":"Helmeted hornbill"},"group":"bird","family":"Bucerotidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan sebagian Asia Tenggara daratan","en":"Sumatra, Borneo, and parts of mainland Southeast Asia"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Rangkong hutan dengan bulu ekor tengah panjang dan balung padat. Perburuan untuk perdagangan balung membuat perlindungan habitat serta pengurangan permintaan sangat penting.","en":"A forest hornbill with long central tail feathers and a solid casque. Hunting for casque trade makes habitat protection and reduced demand particularly important."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rangkong-gading/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/helmeted-hornbill/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rangkong-gading/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/helmeted-hornbill/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475951","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sulawesi-bear-cuscus","scientificName":"Ailurops ursinus","name":{"id":"Kuskus beruang Sulawesi","en":"Sulawesi bear cuscus"},"group":"mammal","family":"Phalangeridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219990","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sulawesi dan sejumlah pulau di sekitarnya","en":"Sulawesi and selected surrounding islands"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Mamalia berkantung penghuni pepohonan Sulawesi. Daun, tajuk yang tersambung, dan rendahnya gangguan manusia penting bagi satwa yang sering bergerak tenang ini.","en":"A tree-dwelling marsupial of Sulawesi. Leaves, connected canopy, and low human disturbance matter to this often slow-moving forest animal."},"updated":"2026-09-19","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kuskus-beruang-sulawesi/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sulawesi-bear-cuscus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kuskus-beruang-sulawesi/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sulawesi-bear-cuscus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219990","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:crested-black-macaque","scientificName":"Macaca nigra","name":{"id":"Yaki","en":"Crested black macaque"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis (Critically Endangered)","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436616","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sulawesi Utara","en":"North Sulawesi"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Yaki adalah monyet berjambul khas Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian lapangan di Tangkoko menunjukkan kaitan antara buah, ruang jelajah, dan keberlangsungan habitat hutannya.","en":"The crested black macaque is a distinctive North Sulawesi primate. Tangkoko field studies connect fruit availability, ranging and the future of its forest habitat."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/yaki/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crested-black-macaque/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/yaki/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crested-black-macaque/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436616","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:pygmy-tarsier","scientificName":"Tarsius pumilus","name":{"id":"Tarsius kerdil","en":"Pygmy tarsier"},"group":"mammal","family":"Tarsiidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436488","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pegunungan Sulawesi Tengah","en":"Mountains of Central Sulawesi"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Primata kecil dari hutan pegunungan Sulawesi Tengah. Penemuan kembali individu hidup pada 2008 membuka penelitian baru, tetapi banyak rincian ekologi dan populasinya masih terbatas.","en":"A small primate of Central Sulawesi’s mountain forest. Live animals found again in 2008 enabled new research, while much of its ecology and population remains poorly known."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tarsius-kerdil/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pygmy-tarsier/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tarsius-kerdil/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pygmy-tarsier/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436488","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:bornean-elephant","scientificName":"Elephas maximus borneensis","name":{"id":"Gajah Kalimantan","en":"Bornean elephant"},"group":"mammal","family":null,"rank":"subspecies","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Kalimantan Utara dan Sabah","en":"North Kalimantan and Sabah"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Populasi gajah Asia di Kalimantan bagian utara dan Sabah. Perlindungannya bergantung pada bentang hutan lintas batas, jalur pergerakan, dan pengurangan konflik dengan manusia.","en":"A northern Borneo population of Asian elephant shared by North Kalimantan and Sabah. Its future depends on a connected cross-border landscape and reducing conflict with people."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gajah-kalimantan/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bornean-elephant/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gajah-kalimantan/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bornean-elephant/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":null,"inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:macaca-fascicularis","scientificName":"Macaca fascicularis","name":{"id":"Monyet ekor panjang","en":"Long-tailed macaque"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436603","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Asia Tenggara, termasuk Indonesia","en":"Southeast Asia, including Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Primata sosial yang menggunakan hutan, tepian sungai, mangrove, dan batas permukiman. Makanan serta interaksi dengan manusia berubah menurut tempat; banyaknya penampakan tidak menunjukkan keadaan seluruh populasi.","en":"A social primate using forests, riversides, mangroves and settlement edges. Food and human encounters vary by place; frequent sightings do not describe the condition of the whole population."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macaca-fascicularis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-fascicularis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macaca-fascicularis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-fascicularis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436603","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:varanus-salvator","scientificName":"Varanus salvator","name":{"id":"Biawak air","en":"Asian water monitor"},"group":"reptile","family":"Varanidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2470685","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Asia Selatan dan Tenggara, termasuk Indonesia","en":"South and Southeast Asia, including Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Kadal besar semiakuatik yang hidup dekat sungai, rawa, mangrove, dan sejumlah kawasan manusia. Sebagai pemangsa sekaligus pemakan bangkai, biawak air berperan dalam jaring makanan perairan dan daratan.","en":"A large semi-aquatic lizard living near rivers, swamps, mangroves and some human-used areas. As both predator and scavenger, it connects aquatic and terrestrial food webs."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/varanus-salvator/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/varanus-salvator/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/varanus-salvator/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/varanus-salvator/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2470685","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:passer-montanus","scientificName":"Passer montanus","name":{"id":"Burung gereja","en":"Eurasian tree sparrow"},"group":"bird","family":"Passeridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231198","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Berbagai permukiman dan lahan terbuka di Indonesia","en":"Settlements and open land in parts of Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Burung kecil bermahkota cokelat dan bercak hitam pada pipi putih. Kehadirannya dekat manusia membuatnya mudah terlihat, tetapi catatan pengamatan bukan ukuran jumlah populasi.","en":"A small bird with a chestnut crown and a black spot on each white cheek. Its proximity to people makes it easy to notice, but sighting records do not measure its population."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/passer-montanus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/passer-montanus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/passer-montanus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/passer-montanus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231198","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:pycnonotus-goiavier","scientificName":"Pycnonotus goiavier","name":{"id":"Merbah cerucuk","en":"Yellow-vented bulbul"},"group":"bird","family":"Pycnonotidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486144","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Asia Tenggara, termasuk banyak wilayah Indonesia","en":"Southeast Asia, including many Indonesian regions"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Burung penyanyi dengan tungging kuning mencolok yang sering memakai taman, kebun, dan tepi hutan. Penelitian setempat menunjukkan perannya sebagai pemakan buah dan serangga.","en":"A songbird with a conspicuous yellow vent that often uses gardens, parks and forest edges. Local studies document fruit and insect feeding."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pycnonotus-goiavier/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pycnonotus-goiavier/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pycnonotus-goiavier/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pycnonotus-goiavier/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486144","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:spilopelia-chinensis","scientificName":"Spilopelia chinensis","name":{"id":"Burung tekukur","en":"Spotted dove"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/6101224","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Asia Selatan dan Tenggara, termasuk Indonesia","en":"South and Southeast Asia, including Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Merpati kecil berekor panjang dengan bercak putih pada bidang hitam di tengkuk. Burung ini memanfaatkan lahan terbuka, taman, dan tepi hutan untuk mencari biji.","en":"A small, long-tailed dove with white spots on a black neck patch. It uses open land, gardens and forest edges while searching for seeds."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/spilopelia-chinensis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spilopelia-chinensis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/spilopelia-chinensis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spilopelia-chinensis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/6101224","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:hirundo-javanica","scientificName":"Hirundo javanica","name":{"id":"Layang-layang batu","en":"Pacific swallow"},"group":"bird","family":"Hirundinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/10332233","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Asia tropis dan kepulauan Pasifik, termasuk Indonesia","en":"Tropical Asia and Pacific islands, including Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Layang-layang kecil yang menangkap serangga di udara dan membangun sarang dari lumpur. Nama ilmiahnya penting karena klasifikasi kelompok layang-layang Pasifik pernah berubah.","en":"A small swallow that catches insects in flight and builds a mud nest. Its scientific name matters because Pacific swallow taxonomy has changed."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hirundo-javanica/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hirundo-javanica/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hirundo-javanica/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hirundo-javanica/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/10332233","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:todiramphus-chloris","scientificName":"Todiramphus chloris","name":{"id":"Cekakak sungai","en":"Collared kingfisher"},"group":"bird","family":"Alcedinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475742","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pesisir Asia Selatan dan Tenggara hingga Pasifik barat, termasuk Indonesia","en":"Coasts from South and Southeast Asia to the western Pacific, including Indonesia"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Cekakak biru kehijauan dengan kerah putih yang sering terlihat di mangrove dan pesisir. Keragaman subspesies menuntut kehati-hatian saat memakai nama dari sumber lama.","en":"A blue-green kingfisher with a white collar, often seen in mangroves and on coasts. Numerous subspecies make older names worth checking carefully."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/todiramphus-chloris/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/todiramphus-chloris/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/todiramphus-chloris/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/todiramphus-chloris/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475742","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:collocalia-linchi","scientificName":"Collocalia linchi","name":{"id":"Walet Linchi","en":"Cave Swiftlet"},"group":"bird","family":"Apodidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477326","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Walet Linchi (Collocalia linchi). Walet gua ini tercatat di Sumatra, Jawa, dan Bali; sumber spesies menyebut hutan sebagai tempat mencari makan dan gua sebagai lokasi bersarang.","en":"Cave Swiftlet (Collocalia linchi). This swiftlet occurs on Sumatra, Java and Bali; species accounts describe woodland foraging and cave nesting."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/collocalia-linchi/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/collocalia-linchi/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/collocalia-linchi/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/collocalia-linchi/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477326","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/578254"}},{"id":"species:lonchura-punctulata","scientificName":"Lonchura punctulata","name":{"id":"Bondol peking","en":"Scaly-breasted Munia"},"group":"bird","family":"Estrildidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493598","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Bondol peking (Lonchura punctulata). Bondol peking dewasa bercorak seperti sisik di dada dan perut, dengan punggung cokelat serta paruh gelap yang tebal; burung muda lebih polos.","en":"Scaly-breasted Munia (Lonchura punctulata). Adults show scale-like marks across the breast and belly, a brown back and a stout dark bill; young birds are plainer."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lonchura-punctulata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-punctulata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lonchura-punctulata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-punctulata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493598","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/13893"}},{"id":"species:geopelia-striata","scientificName":"Geopelia striata","name":{"id":"Perkutut","en":"Zebra Dove"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495486","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Perkutut (Geopelia striata). Perkutut berukuran kecil, berekor relatif panjang, dan bercorak garis hitam-putih pada tubuh cokelat keabu-abuan; suaranya berupa deretan dengkur lembut.","en":"Zebra Dove (Geopelia striata). This small dove has a relatively long tail, fine black-and-white barring over grey-brown plumage and a soft repeated coo."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/geopelia-striata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/geopelia-striata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/geopelia-striata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/geopelia-striata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495486","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/3607"}},{"id":"species:ardeola-speciosa","scientificName":"Ardeola speciosa","name":{"id":"Blekok","en":"Javan Pond-Heron"},"group":"bird","family":"Ardeidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480904","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Blekok (Ardeola speciosa). Blekok Jawa mencari makan di lahan basah dangkal, baik air tawar maupun payau; ikan kecil, serangga, dan kepiting termasuk mangsanya.","en":"Javan Pond-Heron (Ardeola speciosa). The Javan pond-heron forages in shallow freshwater and coastal wetlands, taking small fish, insects and crabs."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ardeola-speciosa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardeola-speciosa/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ardeola-speciosa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardeola-speciosa/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480904","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/4991"}},{"id":"species:collocalia-esculenta","scientificName":"Collocalia esculenta","name":{"id":"Walet sapi","en":"Glossy Swiftlet"},"group":"bird","family":"Apodidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477292","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Sulawesi, Maluku","en":"Records: Papua, Sulawesi, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Walet sapi (Collocalia esculenta). Walet mengilap adalah anggota Apodidae yang menggunakan ruang udara untuk mencari pakan; sebarannya mencakup Indonesia dan pulau-pulau di sekitarnya.","en":"Glossy Swiftlet (Collocalia esculenta). The glossy swiftlet is an apodid that searches for food in flight and ranges across Indonesia and neighbouring islands."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/collocalia-esculenta/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/collocalia-esculenta/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/collocalia-esculenta/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/collocalia-esculenta/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477292","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/559414"}},{"id":"species:artamus-leucorhynchos","scientificName":"Artamus leucorhynchos","name":{"id":"Artamus leucorhynchos","en":"White-breasted Woodswallow"},"group":"bird","family":"Artamidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Artamus leucorhynchos. Nama yang dipakai GBIF berbeda ejaan dari nama pada BirdLife Australia untuk kapinis dada-putih; ciri lapangannya ialah dada putih yang kontras dengan kepala abu-abu gelap.","en":"White-breasted Woodswallow (Artamus leucorhynchos). GBIF's spelling differs from the BirdLife Australia name for the white-breasted woodswallow; its white chest contrasts with a dark-grey head."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/artamus-leucorhynchos/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/artamus-leucorhynchos/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/artamus-leucorhynchos/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/artamus-leucorhynchos/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/11164150","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:lonchura-leucogastroides","scientificName":"Lonchura leucogastroides","name":{"id":"Bondol jawa","en":"Javan Munia"},"group":"bird","family":"Estrildidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493622","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Bondol jawa (Lonchura leucogastroides). Bondol Jawa ditemukan di Sumatra selatan, Jawa, Bali, dan Lombok; beberapa populasi di luar kawasan itu berasal dari introduksi manusia.","en":"Javan Munia (Lonchura leucogastroides). The Javan munia occurs in southern Sumatra, Java, Bali and Lombok, while some populations elsewhere reflect human introduction."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lonchura-leucogastroides/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-leucogastroides/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lonchura-leucogastroides/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-leucogastroides/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493622","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/13905"}},{"id":"species:egretta-garzetta","scientificName":"Egretta garzetta","name":{"id":"Kuntul kecil","en":"Little Egret"},"group":"bird","family":"Ardeidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480876","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kuntul kecil (Egretta garzetta). Kuntul kecil adalah kuntul putih berukuran lebih kecil daripada kuntul besar; pengamatan di lahan basah perlu mencatat ukuran, paruh, dan warna kaki bersama-sama.","en":"Little Egret (Egretta garzetta). The little egret is smaller than the great egret; wetland identification benefits from checking size, bill and leg characters together."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/egretta-garzetta/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/egretta-garzetta/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/egretta-garzetta/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/egretta-garzetta/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480876","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/4943"}},{"id":"species:haliastur-indus","scientificName":"Haliastur indus","name":{"id":"Elang bondol","en":"Brahminy Kite"},"group":"bird","family":"Accipitridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480437","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara","en":"Records: Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Elang bondol (Haliastur indus). Elang bondol termasuk burung pemangsa Accipitridae dan sering terlihat di bentang pesisir; kepala dan dadanya pucat berkontras dengan tubuh cokelat kemerahan.","en":"Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indus). The brahminy kite is an accipitrid raptor often associated with coastal landscapes; its pale head and breast contrast with a reddish-brown body."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/haliastur-indus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/haliastur-indus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/haliastur-indus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/haliastur-indus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480437","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/5406"}},{"id":"species:actitis-hypoleucos","scientificName":"Actitis hypoleucos","name":{"id":"Trinil pantai","en":"Common Sandpiper"},"group":"bird","family":"Scolopacidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2481800","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Papua","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Papua"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Trinil pantai (Actitis hypoleucos). Trinil pantai kecil ini menggunakan tepi perairan dan termasuk burung perancah yang berpindah antarkawasan; catatan Indonesia tidak selalu berarti burung bersarang di lokasi itu.","en":"Common Sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos). This small sandpiper uses water edges and moves between regions; an Indonesian sighting does not by itself indicate local breeding."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/actitis-hypoleucos/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/actitis-hypoleucos/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/actitis-hypoleucos/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/actitis-hypoleucos/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2481800","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/3978"}},{"id":"species:orthotomus-sepium","scientificName":"Orthotomus sepium","name":{"id":"Cinenen jawa","en":"Olive-backed Tailorbird"},"group":"bird","family":"Cisticolidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493032","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cinenen jawa (Orthotomus sepium). Cinenen Jawa kini ditempatkan dalam famili Cisticolidae, bukan kelompok warbler Dunia Lama yang dahulu dipakai; penamaan dan identifikasi perlu mengikuti taksonomi mutakhir.","en":"Olive-backed Tailorbird (Orthotomus sepium). The olive-backed tailorbird is now placed in Cisticolidae rather than the older broad Old World warbler grouping; names should follow current taxonomy."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orthotomus-sepium/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/orthotomus-sepium/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orthotomus-sepium/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/orthotomus-sepium/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493032","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/15345"}},{"id":"species:anthreptes-malacensis","scientificName":"Anthreptes malacensis","name":{"id":"Burung-madu kelapa","en":"Brown-throated Sunbird"},"group":"bird","family":"Nectariniidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2484632","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Burung-madu kelapa (Anthreptes malacensis). Burung-madu kelapa memakai habitat semi-terbuka di Asia Tenggara; bunga dan struktur paruhnya relevan untuk diamati tanpa menyimpulkan bahwa setiap kunjungan bunga menghasilkan penyerbukan.","en":"Brown-throated Sunbird (Anthreptes malacensis). The brown-throated sunbird uses semi-open Southeast Asian habitats; flower visits and bill shape can be observed without assuming every visit pollinates a plant."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/anthreptes-malacensis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/anthreptes-malacensis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/anthreptes-malacensis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/anthreptes-malacensis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2484632","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/979598"}},{"id":"species:cacomantis-variolosus","scientificName":"Cacomantis variolosus","name":{"id":"Wiwik rimba","en":"Sahul Brush Cuckoo"},"group":"bird","family":"Cuculidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2496264","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Jawa","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Wiwik rimba (Cacomantis variolosus). Wiwik rimba termasuk Cuculidae; suara, corak tubuh, dan lokasi lebih membantu identifikasi daripada nama umum yang dapat berubah ketika taksonomi kelompok ini direvisi.","en":"Sahul Brush Cuckoo (Cacomantis variolosus). The Sahul brush cuckoo belongs to Cuculidae; voice, plumage and locality matter because common names and species limits in this group change."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cacomantis-variolosus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cacomantis-variolosus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cacomantis-variolosus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cacomantis-variolosus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2496264","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/1832"}},{"id":"species:aegithina-tiphia","scientificName":"Aegithina tiphia","name":{"id":"Cipoh kacat","en":"Common Iora"},"group":"bird","family":"Aegithinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2484096","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cipoh kacat (Aegithina tiphia). Cipoh kacat menghuni semak dan tepi hutan; corak bulunya berubah antarpopulasi sehingga foto dari satu wilayah tidak selalu cocok dengan burung dari wilayah lain.","en":"Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia). The common iora uses scrub and forest edges; plumage varies among populations, so a photograph from one region may differ from another."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/aegithina-tiphia/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aegithina-tiphia/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/aegithina-tiphia/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aegithina-tiphia/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2484096","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/7938"}},{"id":"species:geoffroyus-geoffroyi","scientificName":"Geoffroyus geoffroyi","name":{"id":"Nuri pipi-merah","en":"Red-cheeked Parrot"},"group":"bird","family":"Psittacidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479334","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara","en":"Records: Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Nuri pipi-merah (Geoffroyus geoffroyi). Nuri pipi-merah merupakan paruh-bengkok berbadan kekar yang tersebar di Indonesia timur dan Nugini; nama subspesies tidak boleh dipakai sebagai bukti sebaran semua populasi.","en":"Red-cheeked Parrot (Geoffroyus geoffroyi). The red-cheeked parrot is a stout parrot of eastern Indonesia and New Guinea; subspecies labels should not be treated as evidence for every population's range."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/geoffroyus-geoffroyi/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/geoffroyus-geoffroyi/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/geoffroyus-geoffroyi/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/geoffroyus-geoffroyi/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479334","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/19223"}},{"id":"species:amaurornis-phoenicurus","scientificName":"Amaurornis phoenicurus","name":{"id":"Kareo padi","en":"White-breasted Waterhen"},"group":"bird","family":"Rallidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2474732","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kareo padi (Amaurornis phoenicurus). Kareo padi adalah anggota Rallidae dengan tubuh gelap dan wajah serta dada putih mencolok; habitat dekat air dan vegetasi rapat perlu diperiksa saat mencatatnya.","en":"White-breasted Waterhen (Amaurornis phoenicurus). This waterhen has a dark body and conspicuously white face and breast; records should include the waterside vegetation where it was seen."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/amaurornis-phoenicurus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/amaurornis-phoenicurus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/amaurornis-phoenicurus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/amaurornis-phoenicurus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2474732","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/199"}},{"id":"species:leptocoma-sericea","scientificName":"Leptocoma sericea","name":{"id":"Leptocoma sericea","en":"Black Sunbird"},"group":"bird","family":"Nectariniidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7340804","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Maluku, Papua, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Maluku, Papua, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Leptocoma sericea. Burung-madu hitam adalah anggota Nectariniidae; nama ilmiah mengikuti GBIF, sedangkan penamaan umum dan batas jenis perlu dicek pada daftar burung terkini.","en":"Black Sunbird (Leptocoma sericea). The black sunbird is a nectariniid; its scientific name follows GBIF here, while common names and species limits should be checked against current bird lists."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/leptocoma-sericea/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leptocoma-sericea/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/leptocoma-sericea/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leptocoma-sericea/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7340804","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:rhyticeros-plicatus","scientificName":"Rhyticeros plicatus","name":{"id":"Julang Irian","en":"Blyth's Hornbill"},"group":"bird","family":"Bucerotidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475908","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Maluku, Papua Barat","en":"Records: Papua, Maluku, Papua Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Julang Irian (Rhyticeros plicatus). Julang Papua adalah rangkong besar yang bergerak di tajuk hutan kawasan Wallacea dan Melanesia; pengamatan dari tanah mungkin hanya menunjukkan siluet atau suara.","en":"Blyth's Hornbill (Rhyticeros plicatus). Blyth's hornbill is a large canopy hornbill of Wallacea and Melanesia; ground observations may reveal only its silhouette or calls."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhyticeros-plicatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhyticeros-plicatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhyticeros-plicatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhyticeros-plicatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475908","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/514337"}},{"id":"species:aerodramus-fuciphagus","scientificName":"Aerodramus fuciphagus","name":{"id":"Walet sarang-putih","en":"White-nest Swiftlet"},"group":"bird","family":"Apodidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477269","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera, Jawa","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Walet sarang-putih (Aerodramus fuciphagus). Walet sarang-putih membangun sarang terutama dari air liur yang mengeras; praktik pemanenan sarang harus dibedakan dari kebutuhan hidup burungnya.","en":"White-nest Swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus). The edible-nest swiftlet makes a nest largely of hardened saliva; nest harvesting is a human activity separate from the bird's own life cycle."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/aerodramus-fuciphagus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aerodramus-fuciphagus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/aerodramus-fuciphagus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aerodramus-fuciphagus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477269","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/144631"}},{"id":"species:philemon-buceroides","scientificName":"Philemon buceroides","name":{"id":"Cikukua tanduk","en":"Helmeted Friarbird"},"group":"bird","family":"Meliphagidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2487072","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku","en":"Records: Papua, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cikukua tanduk (Philemon buceroides). Cikukua bertopi adalah anggota Meliphagidae, keluarga burung pengisap nektar; nama 'bertopi' merujuk tampilan kepala, bukan hubungan kekerabatan dengan rangkong.","en":"Helmeted Friarbird (Philemon buceroides). The helmeted friarbird belongs to the honeyeater family Meliphagidae; its helmet-like head does not make it a hornbill."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/philemon-buceroides/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/philemon-buceroides/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/philemon-buceroides/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/philemon-buceroides/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2487072","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/12345"}},{"id":"species:treron-vernans","scientificName":"Treron vernans","name":{"id":"Punai gading","en":"Pink-necked Green-Pigeon"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495817","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Punai gading (Treron vernans). Punai gading termasuk merpati hijau yang sering terlihat di pepohonan berbuah; nama Inggris yang tepat mengacu pada leher merah muda, bukan burung-buah nuri.","en":"Pink-necked Green-Pigeon (Treron vernans). The pink-necked green-pigeon is a green pigeon often noticed in fruiting trees; its English name refers to the pink neck, not a parrot."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/treron-vernans/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/treron-vernans/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/treron-vernans/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/treron-vernans/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495817","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/3393"}},{"id":"species:rhipidura-leucophrys","scientificName":"Rhipidura leucophrys","name":{"id":"Kipasan kebun","en":"Willie Wagtail"},"group":"bird","family":"Rhipiduridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231722","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Maluku, Papua Barat","en":"Records: Papua, Maluku, Papua Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kipasan kebun (Rhipidura leucophrys). Kipasan kebun menggerakkan ekornya ketika aktif mencari makan; rekaman lokasi penting karena spesies ini mencakup Australia, Nugini, dan Indonesia timur.","en":"Willie Wagtail (Rhipidura leucophrys). The willie wagtail actively flicks its tail while foraging; locality matters across its Australian, New Guinean and eastern Indonesian range."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhipidura-leucophrys/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-leucophrys/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhipidura-leucophrys/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-leucophrys/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231722","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/8143"}},{"id":"species:rhipidura-javanica","scientificName":"Rhipidura javanica","name":{"id":"Kipasan belang","en":"Malaysian Pied-Fantail"},"group":"bird","family":"Rhipiduridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231747","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kipasan belang (Rhipidura javanica). Kipasan belang adalah anggota Rhipiduridae; ekor yang membuka seperti kipas dan corak hitam-putih membantu pengenalan di tepi hutan atau kebun.","en":"Malaysian Pied-Fantail (Rhipidura javanica). The Malaysian pied-fantail is a rhipidurid; a fanned tail and black-and-white pattern aid identification around forest edges and gardens."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhipidura-javanica/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-javanica/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhipidura-javanica/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-javanica/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231747","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/8141"}},{"id":"species:merops-philippinus","scientificName":"Merops philippinus","name":{"id":"Kirik-kirik laut","en":"Blue-tailed Bee-eater"},"group":"bird","family":"Meropidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475452","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kirik-kirik laut (Merops philippinus). Kirik-kirik laut memiliki ekor kebiruan dan merupakan pemakan serangga terbang; sejumlah populasi berpindah musim sehingga tanggal pengamatan membantu interpretasi.","en":"Blue-tailed Bee-eater (Merops philippinus). The blue-tailed bee-eater catches flying insects, and some populations move seasonally; a dated record is more informative than an undated sighting."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/merops-philippinus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/merops-philippinus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/merops-philippinus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/merops-philippinus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475452","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/2212"}},{"id":"species:oriolus-chinensis","scientificName":"Oriolus chinensis","name":{"id":"Kepodang","en":"Black-naped Oriole"},"group":"bird","family":"Oriolidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9750846","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kepodang (Oriolus chinensis). Kepudang kuduk-hitam memakai berbagai kawasan berhutan di Asia; pola tengkuk gelap dan suara dapat membantu membedakannya dari burung kuning lain.","en":"Black-naped Oriole (Oriolus chinensis). The black-naped oriole occupies wooded Asian landscapes; its dark nape pattern and voice help separate it from other yellow birds."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/oriolus-chinensis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oriolus-chinensis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/oriolus-chinensis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oriolus-chinensis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9750846","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/7867"}},{"id":"species:ardea-purpurea","scientificName":"Ardea purpurea","name":{"id":"Cangak merah","en":"Purple Heron"},"group":"bird","family":"Ardeidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480934","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cangak merah (Ardea purpurea). Cangak merah merupakan kuntul-kerabat berleher panjang yang berasosiasi dengan rawa dan vegetasi tinggi; warna kecokelatan tidak cukup untuk identifikasi tanpa bentuk tubuh.","en":"Purple Heron (Ardea purpurea). The purple heron is a long-necked heron associated with marsh vegetation; brownish colour alone is insufficient without checking shape."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ardea-purpurea/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardea-purpurea/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ardea-purpurea/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardea-purpurea/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480934","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/4951"}},{"id":"species:aerodramus-vanikorensis","scientificName":"Aerodramus vanikorensis","name":{"id":"Walet polos","en":"Uniform Swiftlet"},"group":"bird","family":"Apodidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477185","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Sulawesi, Maluku","en":"Records: Papua, Sulawesi, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Walet polos (Aerodramus vanikorensis). Walet polos berbadan abu-abu kecokelatan dengan bagian atas lebih gelap dan ekor bercelah dangkal; penampilan walet serupa menuntut foto dan lokasi yang jelas.","en":"Uniform Swiftlet (Aerodramus vanikorensis). The uniform swiftlet has grey-brown plumage, darker upperparts and a shallow forked tail; lookalike swiftlets make clear photos and locality valuable."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/aerodramus-vanikorensis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aerodramus-vanikorensis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/aerodramus-vanikorensis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aerodramus-vanikorensis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477185","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/144622"}},{"id":"species:gerygone-sulphurea","scientificName":"Gerygone sulphurea","name":{"id":"Remetuk laut","en":"Golden-bellied Gerygone"},"group":"bird","family":"Acanthizidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486554","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Remetuk laut (Gerygone sulphurea). Remetuk laut adalah burung kecil Acanthizidae yang tercatat di Indonesia dan negara Asia Tenggara lain; nama 'perut kuning' lebih tepat daripada terjemahan yang menyebut pemakan lalat.","en":"Golden-bellied Gerygone (Gerygone sulphurea). The golden-bellied gerygone is a small acanthizid occurring in Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries; the English name describes its belly."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gerygone-sulphurea/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gerygone-sulphurea/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gerygone-sulphurea/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gerygone-sulphurea/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486554","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/13495"}},{"id":"species:butorides-striata","scientificName":"Butorides striata","name":{"id":"Kokokan laut","en":"Striated Heron"},"group":"bird","family":"Ardeidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480824","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kokokan laut (Butorides striata). Kokokan laut adalah kuntul kecil yang sering memakai tepi mangrove dan perairan dangkal; nama 'striated heron' membedakannya dari green heron Amerika.","en":"Striated Heron (Butorides striata). The striated heron is a small heron often using mangrove edges and shallow water; its current name distinguishes it from the American green heron."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/butorides-striata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/butorides-striata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/butorides-striata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/butorides-striata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480824","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/62528"}},{"id":"species:eclectus-roratus","scientificName":"Eclectus roratus","name":{"id":"Nuri bayan","en":"Moluccan Eclectus"},"group":"bird","family":"Psittacidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480075","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Maluku, Papua Barat","en":"Records: Papua, Maluku, Papua Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Nuri bayan (Eclectus roratus). Nuri bayan memiliki perbedaan warna mencolok antara jantan dan betina; identifikasi juga memerlukan pulau asal karena batas takson di kompleks eklektus berubah.","en":"Moluccan Eclectus (Eclectus roratus). Eclectus parrots show striking male-female colour differences; island origin also matters because species limits in the eclectus complex have changed."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/eclectus-roratus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eclectus-roratus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/eclectus-roratus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eclectus-roratus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480075","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/19225"}},{"id":"species:ardea-alba","scientificName":"Ardea alba","name":{"id":"Cangak besar","en":"Great Egret"},"group":"bird","family":"Ardeidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9752617","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Papua","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Papua"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cangak besar (Ardea alba). Kuntul besar adalah kuntul putih yang luas sebarannya; bandingkan ukuran tubuh, bentuk paruh, serta warna kaki dengan kuntul kecil dan kuntul lainnya.","en":"Great Egret (Ardea alba). The great egret is a widespread large white heron; compare body size, bill shape and leg colour with smaller egrets."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ardea-alba/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardea-alba/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ardea-alba/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ardea-alba/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9752617","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/144455"}},{"id":"species:thalasseus-bergii","scientificName":"Thalasseus bergii","name":{"id":"Dara-laut jambul","en":"Great Crested Tern"},"group":"bird","family":"Laridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5789283","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Jawa","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Dara-laut jambul (Thalasseus bergii). Dara-laut jambul besar mencari makan di laut pesisir dan bersarang dalam koloni di pantai atau pulau; gangguan di lokasi koloni dapat memengaruhi banyak sarang sekaligus.","en":"Great Crested Tern (Thalasseus bergii). The great crested tern forages over coastal sea and nests in colonies on coasts and islands; disturbance at a colony can affect many nests."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/thalasseus-bergii/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/thalasseus-bergii/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/thalasseus-bergii/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/thalasseus-bergii/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5789283","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/144540"}},{"id":"species:lalage-sueurii","scientificName":"Lalage sueurii","name":{"id":"Kapasan sayap-putih","en":"White-shouldered Triller"},"group":"bird","family":"Campephagidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5230465","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kapasan sayap-putih (Lalage sueurii). Kapasan sayap-putih adalah burung Campephagidae dari Indonesia dan Timor-Leste; bercak putih di sayap perlu dilihat bersama bentuk tubuh untuk membedakannya dari kerabat.","en":"White-shouldered Triller (Lalage sueurii). The white-shouldered triller is a campephagid of Indonesia and Timor-Leste; its white wing markings should be read alongside body shape."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lalage-sueurii/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lalage-sueurii/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lalage-sueurii/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lalage-sueurii/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5230465","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/8389"}},{"id":"species:psilopogon-haemacephalus","scientificName":"Psilopogon haemacephalus","name":{"id":"Burung takur tukang besi","en":"Coppersmith Barbet"},"group":"bird","family":"Megalaimidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7691806","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Burung takur tukang besi (Psilopogon haemacephalus). Takur ungkut-ungkut memiliki dahi dan tenggorokan merah; suaranya yang berulang seperti ketukan dapat lebih mudah terdengar daripada burung yang bertengger.","en":"Coppersmith Barbet (Psilopogon haemacephalus). The coppersmith barbet has a red forehead and throat; its repeated metallic-sounding call may be noticed before the perched bird."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/psilopogon-haemacephalus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/psilopogon-haemacephalus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/psilopogon-haemacephalus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/psilopogon-haemacephalus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7691806","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/367521"}},{"id":"species:dicaeum-trochileum","scientificName":"Dicaeum trochileum","name":{"id":"Cabai jawa","en":"Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker"},"group":"bird","family":"Dicaeidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2484699","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera","en":"Records: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cabai jawa (Dicaeum trochileum). Cabai Jawa adalah burung kecil famili Dicaeidae yang endemik Indonesia; warna kepala merah adalah petunjuk jantan, sehingga jenis kelamin dan umur perlu dicatat.","en":"Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker (Dicaeum trochileum). The scarlet-headed flowerpecker is an Indonesian-endemic dicaeid; the male's red head is a clue, making sex and age relevant to identification."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dicaeum-trochileum/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicaeum-trochileum/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dicaeum-trochileum/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicaeum-trochileum/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2484699","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/13399"}},{"id":"species:macropygia-doreya","scientificName":"Macropygia doreya","name":{"id":"Uncal Sultan","en":"Sultan's Cuckoo-Dove"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi, Papua, Maluku","en":"Records: Sulawesi, Papua, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Uncal Sultan (Macropygia doreya). Uncal Sultana tersebar dari Maluku utara dan Sulawesi sampai Nugini; batas taksonnya terkait pemisahan dari kompleks merpati-ekor panjang yang dahulu digabung.","en":"Sultan's Cuckoo-Dove (Macropygia doreya). Sultan's cuckoo-dove ranges from the northern Moluccas and Sulawesi towards New Guinea; its taxonomy reflects a split from a former cuckoo-dove complex."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macropygia-doreya/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macropygia-doreya/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macropygia-doreya/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macropygia-doreya/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9129560","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/509542"}},{"id":"species:cisticola-juncidis","scientificName":"Cisticola juncidis","name":{"id":"Cici padi","en":"Zitting Cisticola"},"group":"bird","family":"Cisticolidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2492822","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cici padi (Cisticola juncidis). Cici padi memakai vegetasi rumput terbuka; suara pendek yang berulang saat terbang sering membantu menemukannya sebelum detail bulu terlihat.","en":"Zitting Cisticola (Cisticola juncidis). The zitting cisticola uses open grassy cover; its repeated short call in flight can reveal it before plumage details are clear."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cisticola-juncidis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cisticola-juncidis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cisticola-juncidis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cisticola-juncidis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2492822","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/7697"}},{"id":"species:cacomantis-merulinus","scientificName":"Cacomantis merulinus","name":{"id":"Wiwik kelabu","en":"Plaintive Cuckoo"},"group":"bird","family":"Cuculidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2496253","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Wiwik kelabu (Cacomantis merulinus). Wiwik kelabu adalah anggota Cuculidae yang tersebar luas di Asia; pengamatan perlu mencatat suara serta tempat karena beberapa wiwik tampak serupa.","en":"Plaintive Cuckoo (Cacomantis merulinus). The plaintive cuckoo is a widely distributed Asian cuckoo; voice and place are valuable because several small cuckoos look alike."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cacomantis-merulinus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cacomantis-merulinus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cacomantis-merulinus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cacomantis-merulinus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2496253","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/1856"}},{"id":"species:aplonis-metallica","scientificName":"Aplonis metallica","name":{"id":"Perling ungu","en":"Metallic Starling"},"group":"bird","family":"Sturnidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2489042","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Maluku, Papua, Irian Jaya Barat","en":"Records: Maluku, Papua, Irian Jaya Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Perling ungu (Aplonis metallica). Perling kilap adalah anggota jalak yang berasal dari Maluku dan Nugini hingga Australia utara; kilau bulu dapat berubah menurut cahaya pengamatan.","en":"Metallic Starling (Aplonis metallica). The metallic starling ranges from the Moluccas and New Guinea to northern Australia; its apparent iridescence changes with light."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/aplonis-metallica/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aplonis-metallica/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/aplonis-metallica/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/aplonis-metallica/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2489042","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/14967"}},{"id":"species:fregata-ariel","scientificName":"Fregata ariel","name":{"id":"Cikalang kecil","en":"Lesser Frigatebird"},"group":"bird","family":"Fregatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480186","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara","en":"Records: Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cikalang kecil (Fregata ariel). Cikalang kecil merupakan cikalang berukuran lebih kecil di antara anggota familinya; ia menghabiskan banyak waktu terbang di atas laut tropis.","en":"Lesser Frigatebird (Fregata ariel). The lesser frigatebird is relatively small for a frigatebird and spends much of its time airborne above tropical seas."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/fregata-ariel/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/fregata-ariel/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/fregata-ariel/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/fregata-ariel/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480186","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/4634"}},{"id":"species:egretta-sacra","scientificName":"Egretta sacra","name":{"id":"Cangak pasifik","en":"Pacific Reef Heron"},"group":"bird","family":"Ardeidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480899","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Maluku","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cangak pasifik (Egretta sacra). Cangak karang Pasifik menggunakan pesisir berbatu dan terumbu; individu dapat berwarna terang atau gelap sehingga lokasi dan bentuk tubuh penting untuk identifikasi.","en":"Pacific Reef Heron (Egretta sacra). The Pacific reef heron uses rocky coasts and reefs; pale and dark colour forms make habitat and shape important in identification."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/egretta-sacra/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/egretta-sacra/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/egretta-sacra/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/egretta-sacra/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480899","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/4947"}},{"id":"species:ducula-aenea","scientificName":"Ducula aenea","name":{"id":"Pergam hijau","en":"Green Imperial Pigeon"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495934","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera","en":"Records: Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Pergam hijau (Ducula aenea). Pergam hijau adalah merpati hutan bertubuh besar; ukuran dan warna hijau pada sayap membantu membedakannya dari punai yang lebih kecil.","en":"Green Imperial Pigeon (Ducula aenea). The green imperial pigeon is a large forest pigeon; its size and green wings help separate it from smaller green-pigeons."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ducula-aenea/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ducula-aenea/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ducula-aenea/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ducula-aenea/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495934","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/3211"}},{"id":"species:hemiprocne-longipennis","scientificName":"Hemiprocne longipennis","name":{"id":"Tepekong jambul","en":"Gray-rumped Treeswift"},"group":"bird","family":"Hemiprocnidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477451","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi, Sumatera, Jawa","en":"Records: Sulawesi, Sumatera, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Tepekong jambul (Hemiprocne longipennis). Tepekong rangkang termasuk famili treeswift yang berbeda dari walet sejati; burung ini dapat bertengger tampak jelas, tidak hanya dilihat saat terbang.","en":"Gray-rumped Treeswift (Hemiprocne longipennis). The grey-rumped treeswift belongs to Hemiprocnidae rather than the true swift family and may be seen perched as well as flying."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemiprocne-longipennis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemiprocne-longipennis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemiprocne-longipennis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemiprocne-longipennis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2477451","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/6536"}},{"id":"species:alcedo-coerulescens","scientificName":"Alcedo coerulescens","name":{"id":"Raja-udang biru","en":"Small Blue Kingfisher"},"group":"bird","family":"Alcedinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475531","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Raja-udang biru (Alcedo coerulescens). Raja-udang biru kecil adalah spesies Indonesia berwarna biru metalik dan putih; ukuran serta pola tubuh perlu diperiksa karena raja-udang lain juga biru.","en":"Small Blue Kingfisher (Alcedo coerulescens). This Indonesian kingfisher is metallic blue and white; size and pattern matter because other kingfishers also appear blue."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/alcedo-coerulescens/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/alcedo-coerulescens/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/alcedo-coerulescens/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/alcedo-coerulescens/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475531","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/2576"}},{"id":"species:saxicola-caprata","scientificName":"Saxicola caprata","name":{"id":"Decu belang","en":"Pied Bushchat"},"group":"bird","family":"Muscicapidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2492519","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Maluku","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Decu belang (Saxicola caprata). Decu belang adalah burung kecil area terbuka; jantan dan betina tidak selalu tampak sama, sehingga warna hitam-putih saja tidak cukup untuk seluruh umur.","en":"Pied Bushchat (Saxicola caprata). The pied bush chat uses open country; male and female plumage differs, so black-and-white appearance alone does not describe every bird."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/saxicola-caprata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/saxicola-caprata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/saxicola-caprata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/saxicola-caprata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2492519","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/12910"}},{"id":"species:eurystomus-orientalis","scientificName":"Eurystomus orientalis","name":{"id":"Tiong-lampu biasa","en":"Dollarbird"},"group":"bird","family":"Coraciidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5228280","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Maluku, Sumatera","en":"Records: Papua, Maluku, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Tiong-lampu biasa (Eurystomus orientalis). Tiong-lampu biasa memiliki bercak biru bundar pada sayap yang tampak saat terbang; ciri ini menjelaskan nama Inggris 'dollarbird'.","en":"Dollarbird (Eurystomus orientalis). The Oriental dollarbird has rounded blue wing patches visible in flight, the field mark behind its English name."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/eurystomus-orientalis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eurystomus-orientalis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/eurystomus-orientalis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eurystomus-orientalis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5228280","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/2293"}},{"id":"species:hypothymis-azurea","scientificName":"Hypothymis azurea","name":{"id":"Kehicap ranting","en":"Black-naped Monarch"},"group":"bird","family":"Monarchidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486625","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera","en":"Records: Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kehicap ranting (Hypothymis azurea). Kehicap ranting adalah burung kecil yang lincah; jantan dan betina berbeda warna, dan nama 'black-naped monarch' menunjuk pita gelap pada tengkuk.","en":"Black-naped Monarch (Hypothymis azurea). The black-naped monarch is a slim, agile flycatcher; sexes differ, and its dark nape band informs the English name."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hypothymis-azurea/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hypothymis-azurea/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hypothymis-azurea/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hypothymis-azurea/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486625","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/204523"}},{"id":"species:dendrocopos-analis","scientificName":"Dendrocopos analis","name":{"id":"Caladi ulam","en":"Freckle-breasted Woodpecker"},"group":"bird","family":"Picidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/6101207","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Caladi ulam (Dendrocopos analis). Caladi Jawa termasuk famili pelatuk Picidae; catatan di Indonesia perlu membedakannya dari pelatuk lain melalui pola kepala, sayap, dan lokasi.","en":"Freckle-breasted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos analis). The freckle-breasted woodpecker is a picid; Indonesian records should use head and wing pattern plus locality to distinguish lookalikes."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dendrocopos-analis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dendrocopos-analis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dendrocopos-analis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dendrocopos-analis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/6101207","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/339633"}},{"id":"species:ptilinopus-melanospilus","scientificName":"Ptilinopus melanospilus","name":{"id":"Walik kembang","en":"Black-naped Fruit Dove"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495630","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Walik kembang (Ptilinopus melanospilus). Walik kepala-hitam jantan berkepala abu-abu pucat dengan tengkuk hitam dan tubuh dominan hijau; betina dapat tampak berbeda.","en":"Black-naped Fruit Dove (Ptilinopus melanospilus). Male black-naped fruit-doves have a pale grey head, dark nape and mostly green body; females may look different."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ptilinopus-melanospilus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ptilinopus-melanospilus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ptilinopus-melanospilus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ptilinopus-melanospilus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495630","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/2792"}},{"id":"species:todiramphus-sanctus","scientificName":"Todiramphus sanctus","name":{"id":"Cekakak Suci","en":"Sacred Kingfisher"},"group":"bird","family":"Alcedinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475802","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Maluku","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cekakak Suci (Todiramphus sanctus). Cekakak suci menggunakan mangrove, hutan terbuka, dan lembah sungai; sejumlah populasi berpindah sehingga tanggal serta lokasi penting.","en":"Sacred Kingfisher (Todiramphus sanctus). The sacred kingfisher uses mangroves, open woodland and river valleys; movement in some populations makes date and locality useful."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/todiramphus-sanctus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/todiramphus-sanctus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/todiramphus-sanctus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/todiramphus-sanctus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475802","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/2464"}},{"id":"species:rhipidura-rufiventris","scientificName":"Rhipidura rufiventris","name":{"id":"Kipasan dada-lurik","en":"Northern Fantail"},"group":"bird","family":"Rhipiduridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231729","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara","en":"Records: Papua, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kipasan dada-lurik (Rhipidura rufiventris). Kipasan utara tercatat di hutan dataran rendah dan kawasan lembap Indonesia timur; bentuk ekor kipas membantu mengenali familinya, bukan memastikan spesies sendirian.","en":"Northern Fantail (Rhipidura rufiventris). The northern fantail occurs in eastern Indonesian lowland and moist forest; a fanned tail identifies the family but not the species by itself."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhipidura-rufiventris/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-rufiventris/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhipidura-rufiventris/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhipidura-rufiventris/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231729","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/8162"}},{"id":"species:treron-griseicauda","scientificName":"Treron griseicauda","name":{"id":"Punai penganten","en":"Gray-cheeked Green-Pigeon"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Jawa"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Punai penganten (Treron griseicauda). Punai penganten adalah merpati hijau endemik Indonesia; warna pipi dan tengkuk membantu memisahkannya dari punai lain di pohon berbuah.","en":"Gray-cheeked Green-Pigeon (Treron griseicauda). The grey-cheeked green-pigeon is Indonesian-endemic; cheek and nape colour help separate it from other green-pigeons in fruiting trees."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/treron-griseicauda/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/treron-griseicauda/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/treron-griseicauda/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/treron-griseicauda/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495765","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/3341"}},{"id":"species:centropus-bengalensis","scientificName":"Centropus bengalensis","name":{"id":"Bubut alang-alang","en":"Lesser Coucal"},"group":"bird","family":"Cuculidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231979","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku","en":"Records: Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Bubut alang-alang (Centropus bengalensis). Bubut alang-alang sering memakai vegetasi rendah yang rapat, termasuk tepi rawa; pengamatan singkat dari jauh mudah tertukar dengan bubut lain.","en":"Lesser Coucal (Centropus bengalensis). The lesser coucal often uses dense low vegetation, including marsh edges; brief distant views can be confused with other coucals."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/centropus-bengalensis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/centropus-bengalensis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/centropus-bengalensis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/centropus-bengalensis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5231979","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/1644"}},{"id":"species:lonchura-maja","scientificName":"Lonchura maja","name":{"id":"Bondol haji","en":"White-headed Munia"},"group":"bird","family":"Estrildidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493599","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Bondol haji (Lonchura maja). Bondol haji terkait lahan basah dan rerumputan; kepala putih pada burung dewasa membantu identifikasi, tetapi burung muda lebih sulit dipisahkan.","en":"White-headed Munia (Lonchura maja). The white-headed munia uses wetlands and grassy places; the adult's white head helps identification, while young birds are harder to separate."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lonchura-maja/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-maja/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lonchura-maja/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lonchura-maja/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493599","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/13892"}},{"id":"species:dicrurus-leucophaeus","scientificName":"Dicrurus leucophaeus","name":{"id":"Srigunting kelabu","en":"Ashy Drongo"},"group":"bird","family":"Dicruridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9600020","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera","en":"Records: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Srigunting kelabu (Dicrurus leucophaeus). Srigunting kelabu memiliki beberapa populasi dengan tingkat keabuan dan pola perpindahan berbeda; foto serta tanggal membantu identifikasi subpopulasi.","en":"Ashy Drongo (Dicrurus leucophaeus). Ashy drongos vary across populations in grey tone and movement; photographs and dates improve the interpretation of sightings."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dicrurus-leucophaeus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicrurus-leucophaeus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dicrurus-leucophaeus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicrurus-leucophaeus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9600020","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/8264"}},{"id":"species:hirundo-rustica","scientificName":"Hirundo rustica","name":{"id":"Layang-layang Asia","en":"Barn Swallow"},"group":"bird","family":"Hirundinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9515886","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Layang-layang Asia (Hirundo rustica). Layang-layang api memiliki punggung biru, sayap runcing, dan ekor bercabang dalam; di Indonesia sebagian burung dapat merupakan pengunjung musiman.","en":"Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica). The barn swallow has blue upperparts, pointed wings and a deeply forked tail; Indonesian records may include seasonal visitors."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hirundo-rustica/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hirundo-rustica/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hirundo-rustica/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hirundo-rustica/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9515886","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/11901"}},{"id":"species:haliaeetus-leucogaster","scientificName":"Haliaeetus leucogaster","name":{"id":"Haliaeetus leucogaster","en":"White-bellied Sea Eagle"},"group":"bird","family":"Accipitridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480455","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Haliaeetus leucogaster. Elang laut perut-putih memiliki kepala, tungging, dan bagian bawah putih, serta punggung abu-abu gelap; ia memakai pesisir dan sungai besar.","en":"White-bellied Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster). The white-bellied sea eagle has a white head, rump and underside with dark-grey upperwings; it uses coasts and major rivers."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/haliaeetus-leucogaster/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/haliaeetus-leucogaster/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/haliaeetus-leucogaster/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/haliaeetus-leucogaster/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480455","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:lichmera-indistincta","scientificName":"Lichmera indistincta","name":{"id":"Isap-madu australia","en":"Brown Honeyeater"},"group":"bird","family":"Meliphagidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2487341","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Isap-madu australia (Lichmera indistincta). Burung-madu cokelat merupakan anggota Meliphagidae dengan lidah khusus untuk mengambil nektar; hubungan dengan bunga dapat diamati tanpa menganggap semua kunjungan sebagai penyerbukan.","en":"Brown Honeyeater (Lichmera indistincta). The brown honeyeater is a meliphagid with a brush-tipped tongue adapted to nectar; flower visits should not automatically be counted as pollination."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lichmera-indistincta/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lichmera-indistincta/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lichmera-indistincta/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lichmera-indistincta/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2487341","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/12526"}},{"id":"species:chalcophaps-indica","scientificName":"Chalcophaps indica","name":{"id":"Delimukan zamrud","en":"Asian Emerald Dove"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495840","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera, Maluku","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Delimukan zamrud (Chalcophaps indica). Delimukan zamrud adalah merpati penghuni lantai hutan dan tepi vegetasi tropis; sayap hijau metalik lebih mudah terlihat dalam cahaya baik.","en":"Asian Emerald Dove (Chalcophaps indica). The Asian emerald dove uses tropical forest floor and edges; its iridescent green wings are easier to judge in good light."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/chalcophaps-indica/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chalcophaps-indica/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/chalcophaps-indica/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chalcophaps-indica/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495840","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/508097"}},{"id":"species:apus-nipalensis","scientificName":"Apus nipalensis","name":{"id":"Kapinis rumah","en":"House Swift"},"group":"bird","family":"Apodidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5228679","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kapinis rumah (Apus nipalensis). Kapinis rumah termasuk Apodidae dan banyak beraktivitas di udara; bentuk sayap serta lokasi sarang lebih dapat diandalkan daripada klaim perilaku terbang yang belum diverifikasi.","en":"House Swift (Apus nipalensis). The house swift is an apodid spending much time on the wing; wing shape and nesting context are safer clues than unverified claims about flight physiology."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/apus-nipalensis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/apus-nipalensis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/apus-nipalensis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/apus-nipalensis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5228679","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/6633"}},{"id":"species:dicrurus-hottentottus","scientificName":"Dicrurus hottentottus","name":{"id":"Srigunting jambul-rambut","en":"Hair-crested Drongo"},"group":"bird","family":"Dicruridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493967","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku","en":"Records: Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Srigunting jambul-rambut (Dicrurus hottentottus). Srigunting jambul-rambut adalah anggota Dicruridae; taksonominya pernah digabung dengan srigunting lain sehingga rujukan nama dan wilayah harus dicatat.","en":"Hair-crested Drongo (Dicrurus hottentottus). The hair-crested drongo is a dicrurid formerly grouped with another drongo; record the taxonomy and region used by each source."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dicrurus-hottentottus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicrurus-hottentottus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dicrurus-hottentottus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dicrurus-hottentottus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2493967","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/8267"}},{"id":"species:columba-livia","scientificName":"Columba livia","name":{"id":"Merpati batu","en":"Rock Pigeon"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495414","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Merpati batu (Columba livia). Merpati batu mencakup burung liar serta keturunan domestik yang hidup bebas; pengamatan perkotaan tidak otomatis mencerminkan populasi liar asal.","en":"Rock Pigeon (Columba livia). Rock pigeons include wild-type birds and free-living domestic descendants; an urban record need not represent an original wild population."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/columba-livia/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/columba-livia/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/columba-livia/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/columba-livia/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495414","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/3017"}},{"id":"species:merops-ornatus","scientificName":"Merops ornatus","name":{"id":"Kirik-kirik australia","en":"Rainbow Bee-eater"},"group":"bird","family":"Meropidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475422","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Maluku","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Papua, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kirik-kirik australia (Merops ornatus). Kirik-kirik pelangi adalah pemakan serangga terbang yang dikenal dari Australia dan kawasan sekitarnya; catatan Indonesia harus dibaca bersama lokasi serta kemungkinan pergerakan.","en":"Rainbow Bee-eater (Merops ornatus). The rainbow bee-eater catches flying insects and is well known from Australia and nearby regions; Indonesian records need locality and movement context."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/merops-ornatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/merops-ornatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/merops-ornatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/merops-ornatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2475422","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/2238"}},{"id":"species:gallus-varius","scientificName":"Gallus varius","name":{"id":"Ayam hutan hijau","en":"Green Junglefowl"},"group":"bird","family":"Phasianidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5227768","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara, Jawa, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ayam hutan hijau (Gallus varius). Ayam hutan hijau adalah burung Phasianidae asal Jawa dan pulau sekitarnya; jantan lebih mencolok daripada betina dan perjumpaan dengan ayam domestik perlu dibedakan.","en":"Green Junglefowl (Gallus varius). The green junglefowl is a Javan-region pheasant relative; males are more conspicuous than females, and domestic chickens should be distinguished."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gallus-varius/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gallus-varius/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gallus-varius/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gallus-varius/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5227768","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/888"}},{"id":"species:hemipus-hirundinaceus","scientificName":"Hemipus hirundinaceus","name":{"id":"Jingjing batu","en":"Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike"},"group":"bird","family":"Tephrodornithidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486749","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera","en":"Records: Jawa, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Jingjing batu (Hemipus hirundinaceus). Jingjing batu tergolong kelompok flycatcher-shrike; penempatan familinya pernah diperdebatkan sehingga nama ilmiah dan sumber taksonomi harus dicantumkan.","en":"Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike (Hemipus hirundinaceus). The black-winged flycatcher-shrike belongs to a debated woodshrike lineage; citing the scientific name and taxonomic source avoids a misleading family label."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemipus-hirundinaceus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemipus-hirundinaceus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemipus-hirundinaceus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemipus-hirundinaceus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486749","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/7848"}},{"id":"species:callosciurus-notatus","scientificName":"Callosciurus notatus","name":{"id":"Bajing Kelapa","en":"Plantain Squirrel"},"group":"mammal","family":"Sciuridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437396","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Bajing Kelapa (Callosciurus notatus). Bajing kelapa menggunakan pepohonan di hutan, kebun, dan permukiman Asia Tenggara; warna tubuh beberapa jalur perlu dibedakan dari bajing lain.","en":"Plantain Squirrel (Callosciurus notatus). The plantain squirrel uses trees in Southeast Asian forests, gardens and settlements; body stripes and colour help separate similar squirrels."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/callosciurus-notatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-notatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/callosciurus-notatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-notatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437396","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/45945"}},{"id":"species:trachypithecus-auratus","scientificName":"Trachypithecus auratus","name":{"id":"Lutung Budeng","en":"Javan Lutung"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9204783","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, Bali","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, Bali"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Lutung Budeng (Trachypithecus auratus). Lutung Jawa umumnya berbulu hitam mengilap, tetapi individu muda dapat berwarna jingga; perubahan warna usia jangan dianggap sebagai spesies lain.","en":"Javan Lutung (Trachypithecus auratus). Javan lutungs are usually glossy dark as adults, while young may be orange; age-related colour should not be mistaken for another species."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trachypithecus-auratus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trachypithecus-auratus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trachypithecus-auratus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trachypithecus-auratus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9204783","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/43498"}},{"id":"species:rhinolophus-tatar","scientificName":"Rhinolophus tatar","name":{"id":"Rhinolophus tatar","en":"Tatar Horseshoe Bat"},"group":"mammal","family":"Rhinolophidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8083547","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: South East Sulawesi","en":"Records: South East Sulawesi"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Rhinolophus tatar. Kelelawar tapal-kuda Tatar diketahui dari Sulawesi; ringkasan publik spesies ini sangat terbatas sehingga identifikasi lapang memerlukan ahli dan data akustik.","en":"Tatar Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus tatar). Tatar horseshoe bats are known from Sulawesi; public species accounts are sparse, so field identification needs expert and acoustic evidence."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhinolophus-tatar/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhinolophus-tatar/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rhinolophus-tatar/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhinolophus-tatar/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8083547","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/765491"}},{"id":"species:presbytis-thomasi","scientificName":"Presbytis thomasi","name":{"id":"Kedih","en":"Thomas’s Langur"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219558","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sumatera Utara, Aceh, Sumatra - Sumatera Utara","en":"Records: Sumatera Utara, Aceh, Sumatra - Sumatera Utara"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Kedih (Presbytis thomasi). Kedih adalah lutung daun endemik Sumatra utara; kerusakan habitat disebut sebagai tekanan, tetapi kondisi tiap kelompok lokal perlu survei tersendiri.","en":"Thomas’s Langur (Presbytis thomasi). Thomas's langur is restricted to northern Sumatra; habitat loss is reported as a pressure, while each local group needs separate assessment."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/presbytis-thomasi/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-thomasi/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/presbytis-thomasi/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-thomasi/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219558","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/43501"}},{"id":"species:macaca-nemestrina","scientificName":"Macaca nemestrina","name":{"id":"Beruk","en":"Southern Pig-tailed Macaque"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436611","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sumatera Utara, Sumatra - Sumatera Utara, Riau","en":"Records: Sumatera Utara, Sumatra - Sumatera Utara, Riau"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Beruk (Macaca nemestrina). Beruk memiliki ekor pendek yang mengingatkan pada ekor babi; ia bukan monyet ekor panjang, dan jangkauannya mencakup Asia Tenggara daratan serta Indonesia.","en":"Southern Pig-tailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina). The southern pig-tailed macaque has a relatively short pig-like tail; it differs from long-tailed macaques and occurs across mainland Southeast Asia and Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macaca-nemestrina/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-nemestrina/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macaca-nemestrina/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-nemestrina/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436611","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/43455"}},{"id":"species:trachypithecus-cristatus","scientificName":"Trachypithecus cristatus","name":{"id":"Lutung Kelabu","en":"Silvered Leaf Monkey"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436542","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah","en":"Records: Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Lutung Kelabu (Trachypithecus cristatus). Lutung kelabu banyak memakai hutan pesisir, mangrove, dan tepi sungai; keberadaan di satu kawasan tidak memastikan populasi di seluruh Borneo atau Sumatra.","en":"Silvered Leaf Monkey (Trachypithecus cristatus). Silvered leaf monkeys use coastal, mangrove and riverine forest; presence at one site cannot stand for their status across Borneo or Sumatra."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trachypithecus-cristatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trachypithecus-cristatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trachypithecus-cristatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trachypithecus-cristatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436542","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/43497"}},{"id":"species:tarsius-spectrumgurskyae","scientificName":"Tarsius spectrumgurskyae","name":{"id":"Tarsius spectrumgurskyae","en":"Gursky's Spectral Tarsier"},"group":"mammal","family":"Tarsiidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9717634","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi Utara, Gorontalo","en":"Records: Sulawesi Utara, Gorontalo"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Tarsius spectrumgurskyae. Tarsius Gursky adalah jenis Sulawesi yang dipisahkan dari konsep tarsius spektral lebih luas; catatan lama dapat memakai nama yang berbeda.","en":"Gursky's Spectral Tarsier (Tarsius spectrumgurskyae). Gursky's spectral tarsier was separated from a broader spectral-tarsier concept on Sulawesi; older records may use a different name."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tarsius-spectrumgurskyae/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tarsius-spectrumgurskyae/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tarsius-spectrumgurskyae/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tarsius-spectrumgurskyae/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9717634","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/1047733"}},{"id":"species:ratufa-bicolor","scientificName":"Ratufa bicolor","name":{"id":"Jelarang Hitam","en":"Black Giant Squirrel"},"group":"mammal","family":"Sciuridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437566","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Aceh","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Aceh"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Jelarang Hitam (Ratufa bicolor). Jelarang hitam adalah bajing pohon berukuran besar dari hutan Asia; ukuran tubuh dan ekor berbulu membantu membedakannya dari bajing kelapa.","en":"Black Giant Squirrel (Ratufa bicolor). The black giant squirrel is a large forest tree-squirrel; its size and bushy tail distinguish it from the much smaller plantain squirrel."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ratufa-bicolor/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ratufa-bicolor/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ratufa-bicolor/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ratufa-bicolor/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437566","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/46033"}},{"id":"species:spilocuscus-papuensis","scientificName":"Spilocuscus papuensis","name":{"id":"Kuskus Waigeo","en":"Waigeo Spotted Cuscus"},"group":"mammal","family":"Phalangeridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440246","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua Barat","en":"Records: Papua Barat"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kuskus Waigeo (Spilocuscus papuensis). Kuskus Waigeo adalah marsupial yang hanya diketahui secara asli dari Pulau Waigeo; catatan di luar pulau harus dikaji sebelum disebut sebaran alamiah.","en":"Waigeo Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus papuensis). The Waigeo spotted cuscus is a marsupial native to Waigeo Island; outlying records need scrutiny before being treated as natural range."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/spilocuscus-papuensis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spilocuscus-papuensis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/spilocuscus-papuensis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spilocuscus-papuensis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440246","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/42858"}},{"id":"species:tupaia-javanica","scientificName":"Tupaia javanica","name":{"id":"Tupai Kekes","en":"Horsfield's Treeshrew"},"group":"mammal","family":"Tupaiidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436298","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Tupai Kekes (Tupaia javanica). Tupai Jawa adalah anggota Tupaiidae, bukan bajing keluarga Sciuridae; sumber menempatkannya di Sumatra, Jawa, Bali, dan Nias.","en":"Horsfield's Treeshrew (Tupaia javanica). Horsfield's treeshrew belongs to Tupaiidae rather than the squirrel family and is reported from Sumatra, Java, Bali and Nias."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tupaia-javanica/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tupaia-javanica/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tupaia-javanica/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tupaia-javanica/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436298","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/46294"}},{"id":"species:sus-scrofa","scientificName":"Sus scrofa","name":{"id":"Babi Hutan","en":"Wild Boar"},"group":"mammal","family":"Suidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7705930","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali, Lampung","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali, Lampung"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Babi Hutan (Sus scrofa). Babi hutan memiliki sebaran asli dan sebaran hasil pemindahan manusia yang berbeda; populasi liar, ternak, dan babi feral tidak boleh dicampur dalam satu angka.","en":"Wild Boar (Sus scrofa). Wild boar have both native and human-transported populations; wild, domestic and feral animals must not be combined into a single population claim."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/sus-scrofa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sus-scrofa/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/sus-scrofa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sus-scrofa/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7705930","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/42134"}},{"id":"species:presbytis-melalophos","scientificName":"Presbytis melalophos","name":{"id":"Simpai","en":"Sumatran Surili"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219561","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jambi, Sumatra - Jambi, Sumatera Barat","en":"Records: Jambi, Sumatra - Jambi, Sumatera Barat"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Simpai (Presbytis melalophos). Simpai adalah primata endemik Sumatra yang menggunakan hutan; penebangan dan fragmentasi disebut sebagai tekanan pada sebagian populasinya.","en":"Sumatran Surili (Presbytis melalophos). The Sumatran surili is a forest primate endemic to Sumatra, with forest loss and fragmentation reported as pressures in parts of its range."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/presbytis-melalophos/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-melalophos/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/presbytis-melalophos/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-melalophos/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219561","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/43504"}},{"id":"species:paradoxurus-hermaphroditus","scientificName":"Paradoxurus hermaphroditus","name":{"id":"Musang","en":"Northern Palm Civet"},"group":"mammal","family":"Viverridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2434708","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Banten, Bali","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Banten, Bali"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Musang (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus). Musang luwak adalah Viverridae yang dapat memakai beragam habitat; perdagangan dan produksi kopi luwak harus dibedakan dari perilaku satwa liar.","en":"Northern Palm Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus). The Asian palm civet can use varied habitats; captivity and civet-coffee production should be distinguished from its wild behaviour."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/paradoxurus-hermaphroditus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/paradoxurus-hermaphroditus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/paradoxurus-hermaphroditus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/paradoxurus-hermaphroditus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2434708","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/925714"}},{"id":"species:hipposideros-diadema","scientificName":"Hipposideros diadema","name":{"id":"Hipposideros diadema","en":"Diadem Roundleaf Bat"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hipposideridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5218566","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Sumatera Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Sumatera Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Hipposideros diadema. Kelelawar ladam-daun diadem termasuk Hipposideridae, berbeda dari keluarga Rhinolophidae; bentuk hidung penting tetapi foto tunggal jarang cukup untuk identifikasi pasti.","en":"Diadem Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros diadema). The diadem roundleaf bat belongs to Hipposideridae, not Rhinolophidae; nose shape matters, but a single photograph may not settle identification."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hipposideros-diadema/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hipposideros-diadema/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hipposideros-diadema/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hipposideros-diadema/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5218566","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/40719"}},{"id":"species:bubalus-bubalis","scientificName":"Bubalus bubalis","name":{"id":"Kerbau","en":"Domestic Water Buffalo"},"group":"mammal","family":"Bovidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Jawa Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Jawa Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kerbau (Bubalus bubalis). Kerbau air adalah hewan domestik hasil sejarah pemeliharaan manusia di Asia; catatan Indonesia tidak boleh ditafsirkan sebagai sebaran kerbau liar asli.","en":"Domestic Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Water buffalo are domesticated bovids with a long Asian husbandry history; Indonesian records should not be mapped as an original wild-buffalo range."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/bubalus-bubalis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bubalus-bubalis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/bubalus-bubalis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bubalus-bubalis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7422937","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/81925"}},{"id":"species:stenella-longirostris","scientificName":"Stenella longirostris","name":{"id":"Lumba-Lumba Moncong Panjang","en":"Spinner Dolphin"},"group":"mammal","family":"Delphinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5220060","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Maluku","en":"Records: Bali, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Maluku"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Lumba-Lumba Moncong Panjang (Stenella longirostris). Lumba-lumba pemintal dikenal karena putaran tubuh saat meloncat, tetapi tidak setiap lompatan memiliki fungsi yang sama; pengamatan laut perlu menjaga jarak.","en":"Spinner Dolphin (Stenella longirostris). Spinner dolphins are known for rotating leaps, but each leap need not have the same function; vessel encounters should maintain distance."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/stenella-longirostris/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/stenella-longirostris/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/stenella-longirostris/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/stenella-longirostris/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5220060","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/41496"}},{"id":"species:hipposideros-cervinus","scientificName":"Hipposideros cervinus","name":{"id":"Hipposideros cervinus","en":"Fawn Roundleaf Bat"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hipposideridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5218596","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: South East Sulawesi, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sumatera Utara","en":"Records: South East Sulawesi, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sumatera Utara"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Hipposideros cervinus. Kelelawar daun fawn termasuk Hipposideridae dan tersebar di beberapa negara Asia Tenggara serta Australia; warna saja tidak aman untuk membedakan spesies mirip.","en":"Fawn Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros cervinus). The fawn roundleaf bat is a hipposiderid recorded across parts of Southeast Asia and Australia; colour alone is unreliable for similar bats."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hipposideros-cervinus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hipposideros-cervinus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hipposideros-cervinus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hipposideros-cervinus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5218596","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/40741"}},{"id":"species:megaderma-spasma","scientificName":"Megaderma spasma","name":{"id":"Megaderma spasma","en":"Lesser false vampire bat"},"group":"mammal","family":"Megadermatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2433352","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: South East Sulawesi, Sulawesi Utara, Kalimantan Tengah","en":"Records: South East Sulawesi, Sulawesi Utara, Kalimantan Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Megaderma spasma. Kelelawar vampir-palsu kecil bukan peminum darah; sumber menyebut tempat bertengger di gua dan lubang pohon serta makanan serangga.","en":"Lesser false vampire bat (Megaderma spasma). The lesser false vampire bat does not drink blood; accounts describe cave and tree-hollow roosts and an insect diet."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/megaderma-spasma/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/megaderma-spasma/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/megaderma-spasma/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/megaderma-spasma/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2433352","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/41321"}},{"id":"species:macaca-maura","scientificName":"Macaca maura","name":{"id":"Ceba","en":"Moor Macaque"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436606","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi Selatan","en":"Records: Sulawesi Selatan"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Ceba (Macaca maura). Monyet hitam Sulawesi selatan memiliki bulu cokelat gelap hingga hitam dan bercak lebih pucat di pantat; ia berbeda dari yaki Sulawesi utara.","en":"Moor Macaque (Macaca maura). The moor macaque has dark brown-to-black fur and a paler rump patch; it differs from the crested macaque of northern Sulawesi."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macaca-maura/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-maura/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macaca-maura/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macaca-maura/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436606","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/43449"}},{"id":"species:callosciurus-nigrovittatus","scientificName":"Callosciurus nigrovittatus","name":{"id":"Bajing Kelabu","en":"Black-striped Squirrel"},"group":"mammal","family":"Sciuridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437400","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jambi, Sumatra - Jambi","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jambi, Sumatra - Jambi"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Bajing Kelabu (Callosciurus nigrovittatus). Bajing garis-hitam terdapat di Jawa, Sumatra, dan Semenanjung Malaya; garis gelap pada sisi tubuh dapat membantu pengenalan bila terlihat jelas.","en":"Black-striped Squirrel (Callosciurus nigrovittatus). The black-striped squirrel occurs on Java, Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula; its dark side stripe can assist identification in a clear view."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/callosciurus-nigrovittatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-nigrovittatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/callosciurus-nigrovittatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-nigrovittatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437400","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/45948"}},{"id":"species:hystrix-javanica","scientificName":"Hystrix javanica","name":{"id":"Landak Jawa","en":"Javan Porcupine"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hystricidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219887","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Landak Jawa (Hystrix javanica). Landak Jawa adalah pengerat berduri asli Indonesia yang dilaporkan di Jawa dan beberapa pulau sekitar; penelitian di Jawa Barat menemukan penggunaan hutan sekunder dan area dekat kebun.","en":"Javan Porcupine (Hystrix javanica). The Javan or Sunda porcupine is an Indonesian rodent with defensive quills; West Java research records secondary forest and land near farms."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hystrix-javanica/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hystrix-javanica/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hystrix-javanica/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hystrix-javanica/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219887","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/44174"}},{"id":"species:pteropus-vampyrus","scientificName":"Pteropus vampyrus","name":{"id":"Bengkawat (Kalimantan)","en":"Large Flying-fox"},"group":"mammal","family":"Pteropodidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5218644","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Banten, Nusa Tenggara Timur","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Banten, Nusa Tenggara Timur"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Bengkawat (Kalimantan) (Pteropus vampyrus). Kalong besar adalah kelelawar buah Asia Tenggara; tubuh besar dan kebiasaan makan buah membedakannya dari kelelawar pemakan serangga yang lebih kecil.","en":"Large Flying-fox (Pteropus vampyrus). The large flying fox is a Southeast Asian fruit bat; its size and fruit-feeding ecology differ from many smaller insect-eating bats."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pteropus-vampyrus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pteropus-vampyrus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pteropus-vampyrus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pteropus-vampyrus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5218644","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/40902"}},{"id":"species:galeopterus-variegatus","scientificName":"Galeopterus variegatus","name":{"id":"Kubung Sunda","en":"Sunda Colugo"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cynocephalidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2432087","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Banten, Jawa Barat, Aceh","en":"Records: Banten, Jawa Barat, Aceh"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kubung Sunda (Galeopterus variegatus). Kubung Sunda bukan lemur dan bukan kelelawar; lipatan kulit di antara anggota tubuh memungkinkannya meluncur dari pohon ke pohon.","en":"Sunda Colugo (Galeopterus variegatus). The Sunda colugo is neither lemur nor bat; a skin membrane between its limbs lets it glide between trees."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/galeopterus-variegatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/galeopterus-variegatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/galeopterus-variegatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/galeopterus-variegatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2432087","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/74351"}},{"id":"species:phalanger-orientalis","scientificName":"Phalanger orientalis","name":{"id":"Kuskus Coklat","en":"Northern Common Cuscus"},"group":"mammal","family":"Phalangeridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440259","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua Barat, Maluku, Papua","en":"Records: Papua Barat, Maluku, Papua"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kuskus Coklat (Phalanger orientalis). Kuskus umum utara adalah marsupial dari Nugini dan pulau sekitarnya; sebagian populasi pulau mungkin terkait pemindahan manusia.","en":"Northern Common Cuscus (Phalanger orientalis). The northern common cuscus is a New Guinean-region marsupial; some island populations may reflect human movement."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/phalanger-orientalis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/phalanger-orientalis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/phalanger-orientalis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/phalanger-orientalis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440259","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/42825"}},{"id":"species:prosciurillus-leucomus","scientificName":"Prosciurillus leucomus","name":{"id":"Prosciurillus leucomus","en":"Whitish Dwarf Squirrel"},"group":"mammal","family":"Sciuridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437464","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi Utara, Sulawesi, Gorontalo","en":"Records: Sulawesi Utara, Sulawesi, Gorontalo"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Prosciurillus leucomus. Bajing kerdil keputihan adalah bajing endemik Sulawesi dan pulau dekatnya; nama ilmiah penting untuk membedakannya dari bajing bergaris yang lebih luas sebarannya.","en":"Whitish Dwarf Squirrel (Prosciurillus leucomus). The whitish dwarf squirrel is endemic to Sulawesi and nearby islands; its scientific name separates it from wider-ranging striped squirrels."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/prosciurillus-leucomus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/prosciurillus-leucomus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/prosciurillus-leucomus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/prosciurillus-leucomus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437464","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/45970"}},{"id":"species:presbytis-comata","scientificName":"Presbytis comata","name":{"id":"Surili jawa","en":"Javan Surili"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cercopithecidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219565","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Banten","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Banten"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Surili jawa (Presbytis comata). Surili Jawa adalah primata endemik Jawa bagian barat; nama umum 'Javan' tidak berarti seluruh Pulau Jawa memiliki populasi yang sama.","en":"Javan Surili (Presbytis comata). The Javan surili is endemic to western Java; the word 'Javan' should not be read as an even range across the whole island."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/presbytis-comata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-comata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/presbytis-comata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/presbytis-comata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219565","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/43507"}},{"id":"species:callosciurus-prevostii","scientificName":"Callosciurus prevostii","name":{"id":"Callosciurus prevostii","en":"Prevost's Squirrel"},"group":"mammal","family":"Sciuridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437397","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Riau, Sumatera Utara, Lampung","en":"Records: Riau, Sumatera Utara, Lampung"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Callosciurus prevostii. Bajing Prevost dikenal dengan warna tubuh kontras yang berbeda antarwilayah; ia menghuni hutan di Sumatra, Borneo, dan Semenanjung Malaya.","en":"Prevost's Squirrel (Callosciurus prevostii). Prevost's squirrel shows strongly contrasting fur colours that vary regionally and occupies forests in Sumatra, Borneo and the Malay Peninsula."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/callosciurus-prevostii/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-prevostii/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/callosciurus-prevostii/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/callosciurus-prevostii/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2437397","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/45955"}},{"id":"species:hylobates-lar","scientificName":"Hylobates lar","name":{"id":"Owa Lengan Putih","en":"Lar Gibbon"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hylobatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219553","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sumatera Utara, Aceh, Sumatra - Sumatera Utara","en":"Records: Sumatera Utara, Aceh, Sumatra - Sumatera Utara"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Owa Lengan Putih (Hylobates lar). Owa tangan-putih adalah primata tanpa ekor dengan lengan panjang untuk bergerak di tajuk; catatan Sumatra perlu memperhatikan batas dengan spesies owa lain.","en":"Lar Gibbon (Hylobates lar). The lar gibbon is a tailless, long-armed canopy primate; Sumatran records need care near the ranges of other gibbons."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hylobates-lar/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylobates-lar/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hylobates-lar/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylobates-lar/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219553","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/43593"}},{"id":"species:macroglossus-minimus","scientificName":"Macroglossus minimus","name":{"id":"Macroglossus minimus","en":"Lesser Long-tongued Fruit Bat"},"group":"mammal","family":"Pteropodidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5218625","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: South East Sulawesi, Kalimantan Timur, Jawa Barat","en":"Records: South East Sulawesi, Kalimantan Timur, Jawa Barat"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Macroglossus minimus. Kelelawar nektar lidah-panjang memakai bunga sebagai sumber pakan; tubuhnya kecil dibanding kalong besar, tetapi identifikasi spesies memerlukan lebih dari ukuran.","en":"Lesser Long-tongued Fruit Bat (Macroglossus minimus). The lesser long-tongued fruit bat feeds at flowers and is much smaller than large flying foxes; size alone cannot identify it reliably."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macroglossus-minimus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macroglossus-minimus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/macroglossus-minimus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/macroglossus-minimus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5218625","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/40946"}},{"id":"species:hylobates-albibarbis","scientificName":"Hylobates albibarbis","name":{"id":"Kelempiao","en":"Bornean White-bearded Gibbon"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hylobatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5707402","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan","en":"Records: Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kelempiao (Hylobates albibarbis). Owa berjanggut putih Borneo hidup di Borneo selatan dan dipisahkan dari owa lincah dalam beberapa taksonomi; hutan antara Kapuas dan Barito penting dalam sumber sebaran.","en":"Bornean White-bearded Gibbon (Hylobates albibarbis). The Bornean white-bearded gibbon inhabits southern Borneo and is separated from the agile gibbon by some taxonomies; sources place it between the Kapuas and Barito rivers."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hylobates-albibarbis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylobates-albibarbis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hylobates-albibarbis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylobates-albibarbis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5707402","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/74453"}},{"id":"species:gekko-gecko","scientificName":"Gekko gecko","name":{"id":"Tokek rumah","en":"Tokay Gecko"},"group":"reptile","family":"Gekkonidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2447367","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Tokek rumah (Gekko gecko). Tokek adalah cecak pohon besar yang aktif terutama malam hari; panggilannya mudah dikenali, tetapi suara saja tidak selalu menunjukkan lokasi persis individu.","en":"Tokay Gecko (Gekko gecko). The tokay gecko is a large mostly nocturnal tree gecko with a conspicuous call; a call need not reveal the animal's exact position."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gekko-gecko/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gekko-gecko/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gekko-gecko/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gekko-gecko/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2447367","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/34615"}},{"id":"species:hemidactylus-platyurus","scientificName":"Hemidactylus platyurus","name":{"id":"Cecak tembok","en":"Flat-tailed House Gecko"},"group":"reptile","family":"Gekkonidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5816059","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cecak tembok (Hemidactylus platyurus). Cicak tembok berekor gepeng; bentuk ekor dan tubuh membantu memisahkannya dari cicak rumah lain yang sering terlihat di bangunan.","en":"Flat-tailed House Gecko (Hemidactylus platyurus). The flat-tailed house gecko has a noticeably flattened tail; tail and body form help distinguish it from other building-dwelling geckos."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemidactylus-platyurus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemidactylus-platyurus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemidactylus-platyurus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemidactylus-platyurus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5816059","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/33376"}},{"id":"species:eutropis-multifasciata","scientificName":"Eutropis multifasciata","name":{"id":"Bengkarung","en":"Common Sun Skink"},"group":"reptile","family":"Scincidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2460886","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Bengkarung (Eutropis multifasciata). Bengkarung matahari umum memakai tempat terbuka untuk berjemur; tubuh bersisik halus dan garis memanjang perlu dibandingkan dengan skink lain.","en":"Common Sun Skink (Eutropis multifasciata). The common sun skink uses open basking places; smooth scales and lengthwise pattern should be compared with other skinks."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/eutropis-multifasciata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eutropis-multifasciata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/eutropis-multifasciata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eutropis-multifasciata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2460886","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/38008"}},{"id":"species:calotes-versicolor","scientificName":"Calotes versicolor","name":{"id":"Calotes versicolor","en":"Indian Garden Lizard"},"group":"reptile","family":"Agamidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9125207","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Calotes versicolor. Bunglon taman oriental dapat berubah warna menurut kondisi serta perilaku; perubahan warna tidak berarti ia satu kelompok dekat dengan bunglon sejati.","en":"Indian Garden Lizard (Calotes versicolor). The oriental garden lizard can change colour with condition and behaviour; that does not make it a true chameleon."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/calotes-versicolor/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/calotes-versicolor/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/calotes-versicolor/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/calotes-versicolor/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9125207","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/31281"}},{"id":"species:hemidactylus-frenatus","scientificName":"Hemidactylus frenatus","name":{"id":"Hemidactylus frenatus","en":"Asian House Gecko"},"group":"reptile","family":"Gekkonidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Bali","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Bali"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Hemidactylus frenatus. Cicak rumah Asia sering hidup pada bangunan dan berburu serangga di sekitar lampu; identifikasi perlu membedakannya dari cicak berekor gepeng.","en":"Asian House Gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus). The Asian house gecko often lives on buildings and hunts insects around lights; separate it from flat-tailed house geckos."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemidactylus-frenatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemidactylus-frenatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemidactylus-frenatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemidactylus-frenatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9537238","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/51940"}},{"id":"species:bronchocela-jubata","scientificName":"Bronchocela jubata","name":{"id":"Bunglon Surai","en":"Great Crested Canopy Lizard"},"group":"reptile","family":"Agamidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2466849","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Yogyakarta","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Yogyakarta"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Bunglon Surai (Bronchocela jubata). Bunglon surai Jawa adalah kadal pohon bertubuh ramping dengan jambul di sepanjang leher dan punggung; nama daerah 'bunglon' tidak menjadikannya chameleon sejati.","en":"Great Crested Canopy Lizard (Bronchocela jubata). The maned forest lizard is a slender arboreal agamid with a crest along the neck and back; its local 'chameleon' label is not a taxonomic classification."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/bronchocela-jubata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bronchocela-jubata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/bronchocela-jubata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bronchocela-jubata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2466849","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/31299"}},{"id":"species:ahaetulla-prasina","scientificName":"Ahaetulla prasina","name":{"id":"Ular gadung","en":"Oriental Whipsnake"},"group":"reptile","family":"Colubridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2453368","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ular gadung (Ahaetulla prasina). Ular pucuk bertubuh sangat ramping dan sering berada di vegetasi; warna hijau saja tidak cukup untuk membedakannya dari ular pohon lain.","en":"Oriental Whipsnake (Ahaetulla prasina). The oriental whipsnake is exceptionally slender and often found in vegetation; green colour alone cannot separate it from other tree snakes."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ahaetulla-prasina/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ahaetulla-prasina/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ahaetulla-prasina/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ahaetulla-prasina/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2453368","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/30187"}},{"id":"species:dendrelaphis-pictus","scientificName":"Dendrelaphis pictus","name":{"id":"Dendrelaphis pictus","en":"Painted Bronzeback"},"group":"reptile","family":"Colubridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2459346","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Dendrelaphis pictus. Ular tambang merupakan ular ramping yang aktif di vegetasi dan dikenal dari Asia Selatan sampai Asia Tenggara; garis samping perlu dilihat bersama bentuk kepala.","en":"Painted Bronzeback (Dendrelaphis pictus). The painted bronzeback is a slender active snake ranging from South to Southeast Asia; side pattern must be checked with head shape."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dendrelaphis-pictus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dendrelaphis-pictus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/dendrelaphis-pictus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/dendrelaphis-pictus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2459346","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/26644"}},{"id":"species:takydromus-sexlineatus","scientificName":"Takydromus sexlineatus","name":{"id":"Kadal Rumput","en":"Oriental Long-tailed Grass Lizard"},"group":"reptile","family":"Lacertidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2468614","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Banten","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Banten"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kadal Rumput (Takydromus sexlineatus). Kadal rumput berekor sangat panjang, sering beberapa kali panjang badan; amati tanpa menarik ekornya karena kadal dapat melepaskannya.","en":"Oriental Long-tailed Grass Lizard (Takydromus sexlineatus). The long-tailed grass lizard often has a tail several times its body length; never pull it by the tail, which can be shed."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/takydromus-sexlineatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/takydromus-sexlineatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/takydromus-sexlineatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/takydromus-sexlineatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2468614","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/35481"}},{"id":"species:draco-volans","scientificName":"Draco volans","name":{"id":"Bengkarung Terbang Biasa","en":"Javan Flying Dragon"},"group":"reptile","family":"Agamidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5226131","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Bengkarung Terbang Biasa (Draco volans). Cicak terbang Jawa meluncur dengan lipatan kulit yang ditopang rusuk memanjang; ia tidak memiliki sayap seperti burung atau kelelawar.","en":"Javan Flying Dragon (Draco volans). The Javan flying dragon glides on rib-supported skin membranes; it has neither bird wings nor bat wings."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/draco-volans/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/draco-volans/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/draco-volans/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/draco-volans/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5226131","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/99570"}},{"id":"species:gehyra-mutilata","scientificName":"Gehyra mutilata","name":{"id":"Cecak Gula","en":"Common Four-clawed Gecko"},"group":"reptile","family":"Gekkonidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2446249","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Bali","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cecak Gula (Gehyra mutilata). Cicak empat-jari adalah gecko bersebaran luas; nama umumnya menunjuk bentuk kaki, tetapi identifikasi spesies tetap memerlukan rincian jari dan lokasi.","en":"Common Four-clawed Gecko (Gehyra mutilata). The four-clawed gecko is widespread; its common name points to foot structure, while species identification still needs toe detail and locality."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gehyra-mutilata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gehyra-mutilata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gehyra-mutilata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gehyra-mutilata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2446249","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/34630"}},{"id":"species:trimeresurus-insularis","scientificName":"Trimeresurus insularis","name":{"id":"Ular Bangkai Laut (Trimeresurus insularis)","en":"White-lipped Island Pitviper"},"group":"reptile","family":"Viperidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7656866","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ular Bangkai Laut (Trimeresurus insularis). Ular viper pulau Sunda berbisa; sebagian sumber lama memperlakukannya sebagai subspesies viper bibir-putih, sehingga nama takson harus diperiksa sebelum memakai data.","en":"White-lipped Island Pitviper (Trimeresurus insularis). The Sunda island pitviper is venomous; older sources treated it as a white-lipped pitviper subspecies, so taxon names need checking."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trimeresurus-insularis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trimeresurus-insularis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trimeresurus-insularis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trimeresurus-insularis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7656866","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/146509"}},{"id":"species:malayopython-reticulatus","scientificName":"Malayopython reticulatus","name":{"id":"Sanca Kembang","en":"Reticulated Python"},"group":"reptile","family":"Pythonidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9260388","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jakarta Raya","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Jakarta Raya"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Sanca Kembang (Malayopython reticulatus). Sanca kembang dapat menjadi ular yang sangat panjang dan menangkap mangsa dengan lilitan; ia tidak berbisa, tetapi hewan besar tetap berbahaya bila didekati.","en":"Reticulated Python (Malayopython reticulatus). The reticulated python can grow exceptionally long and subdues prey by constriction; it is nonvenomous but large animals still require distance."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/malayopython-reticulatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayopython-reticulatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/malayopython-reticulatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayopython-reticulatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9260388","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/491869"}},{"id":"species:pareas-carinatus","scientificName":"Pareas carinatus","name":{"id":"Ular siput","en":"Keeled Slug Snake"},"group":"reptile","family":"Pareidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9038344","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ular siput (Pareas carinatus). Ular siput berlunas termasuk Pareidae dan dikenal sebagai pemakan siput; nama kelompoknya tidak boleh dipakai untuk menyimpulkan semua mangsa pada setiap lokasi.","en":"Keeled Slug Snake (Pareas carinatus). The keeled slug snake is a pareid associated with feeding on slugs and snails; a group name does not prove every individual meal."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pareas-carinatus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pareas-carinatus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/pareas-carinatus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pareas-carinatus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9038344","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/29133"}},{"id":"species:cyrtodactylus-marmoratus","scientificName":"Cyrtodactylus marmoratus","name":{"id":"Cyrtodactylus marmoratus","en":"Marbled Bow-fingered Gecko"},"group":"reptile","family":"Gekkonidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9384058","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Yogyakarta","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Yogyakarta"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cyrtodactylus marmoratus. Cicak jari-bengkok marmer adalah gecko dari Jawa dan wilayah Asia Tenggara; pola bercak perlu dibaca bersama bentuk jari dan asal foto.","en":"Marbled Bow-fingered Gecko (Cyrtodactylus marmoratus). The marbled bent-toed gecko occurs in Java and Southeast Asia; mottled pattern should be considered with toe shape and photo locality."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cyrtodactylus-marmoratus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cyrtodactylus-marmoratus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cyrtodactylus-marmoratus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/cyrtodactylus-marmoratus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9384058","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/98999"}},{"id":"species:emoia-caeruleocauda","scientificName":"Emoia caeruleocauda","name":{"id":"Emoia caeruleocauda","en":"Pacific Bluetail Skink"},"group":"reptile","family":"Scincidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2463461","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua Barat, Papua, Sulawesi Tengah","en":"Records: Papua Barat, Papua, Sulawesi Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Emoia caeruleocauda. Skink ekor-biru Pasifik memiliki ekor kebiruan yang paling mudah terlihat pada beberapa umur; warna tubuh dapat berubah dan spesies lain juga berekor biru.","en":"Pacific Bluetail Skink (Emoia caeruleocauda). The Pacific bluetail skink can show a blue tail, especially at some ages; colour changes and other skinks also have blue tails."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/emoia-caeruleocauda/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/emoia-caeruleocauda/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/emoia-caeruleocauda/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/emoia-caeruleocauda/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2463461","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/38573"}},{"id":"species:laticauda-colubrina","scientificName":"Laticauda colubrina","name":{"id":"Laticauda colubrina","en":"Yellow-lipped Sea Krait"},"group":"reptile","family":"Elapidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8374394","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Sulawesi Utara, Papua Barat","en":"Records: Bali, Sulawesi Utara, Papua Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Laticauda colubrina. Ular laut bibir-kuning memiliki belang gelap-terang dan memakai laut serta daratan untuk sebagian siklus hidupnya; ia berbisa dan harus dibiarkan tanpa disentuh.","en":"Yellow-lipped Sea Krait (Laticauda colubrina). The yellow-lipped sea krait has dark-and-light bands and uses both sea and land during its life cycle; it is venomous and should not be handled."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/laticauda-colubrina/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/laticauda-colubrina/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/laticauda-colubrina/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/laticauda-colubrina/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8374394","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/68343"}},{"id":"species:homalopsis-buccata","scientificName":"Homalopsis buccata","name":{"id":"Ular Air Belang","en":"Puff-faced Water Snake"},"group":"reptile","family":"Homalopsidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8885291","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Riau, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Riau, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ular Air Belang (Homalopsis buccata). Ular air muka-gembung hidup di perairan tropis Asia Selatan dan Tenggara; bentuk kepala dan habitat basah perlu dicatat, bukan warna saja.","en":"Puff-faced Water Snake (Homalopsis buccata). The puff-faced water snake occurs in tropical South and Southeast Asian waters; head shape and wet habitat matter more than colour alone."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/homalopsis-buccata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/homalopsis-buccata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/homalopsis-buccata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/homalopsis-buccata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8885291","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/29910"}},{"id":"species:gekko-monarchus","scientificName":"Gekko monarchus","name":{"id":"Tokek berbintik","en":"Double-spotted Gecko"},"group":"reptile","family":"Gekkonidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2447302","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bengkulu, Jambi, Sumatera Utara","en":"Records: Bengkulu, Jambi, Sumatera Utara"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Tokek berbintik (Gekko monarchus). Tokek berbintik dua tercatat dari Semenanjung Malaya, Borneo, dan sejumlah pulau; motif bintik perlu diperiksa bersama bentuk tubuh dan lokasi.","en":"Double-spotted Gecko (Gekko monarchus). The double-spotted gecko occurs across the Malay Peninsula, Borneo and nearby islands; spots alone are insufficient without body shape and locality."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gekko-monarchus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gekko-monarchus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gekko-monarchus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/gekko-monarchus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2447302","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/34610"}},{"id":"species:lycodon-capucinus","scientificName":"Lycodon capucinus","name":{"id":"Ular Cicak","en":"Common Wolf Snake"},"group":"reptile","family":"Colubridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5222820","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Timur","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Timur"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ular Cicak (Lycodon capucinus). Ular serigala rumah memperoleh nama dari gigi depan yang membesar, bukan hubungan dengan mamalia serigala; ia sering disalahartikan ketika terlihat di bangunan.","en":"Common Wolf Snake (Lycodon capucinus). The common wolf snake is named for enlarged front teeth, not kinship with wolves; building encounters are often misidentified."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lycodon-capucinus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lycodon-capucinus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lycodon-capucinus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lycodon-capucinus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5222820","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/104885"}},{"id":"species:ptyas-korros","scientificName":"Ptyas korros","name":{"id":"Ular Jali","en":"Indo-Chinese Rat Snake"},"group":"reptile","family":"Colubridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5224050","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ular Jali (Ptyas korros). Ular jali adalah ular tikus Indo-Cina dari Asia Tenggara; nama 'tikus' menunjukkan kelompok umum, bukan bukti bahwa setiap individu hanya memakan tikus.","en":"Indo-Chinese Rat Snake (Ptyas korros). The Indo-Chinese rat snake is a Southeast Asian ratsnake; the common name does not imply every individual eats only rodents."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ptyas-korros/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ptyas-korros/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ptyas-korros/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/ptyas-korros/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5224050","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/28870"}},{"id":"species:tropidolaemus-wagleri","scientificName":"Tropidolaemus wagleri","name":{"id":"Tropidolaemus wagleri","en":"Wagler's Pit Viper"},"group":"reptile","family":"Viperidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2443722","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sumatera Utara, Jambi, Riau","en":"Records: Sumatera Utara, Jambi, Riau"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Tropidolaemus wagleri. Viper Wagler adalah ular berbisa Asia Tenggara; nama 'viper kuil' berasal dari satu lokasi terkenal dan tidak berarti setiap populasi hidup di kuil.","en":"Wagler's Pit Viper (Tropidolaemus wagleri). Wagler's pitviper is a venomous Southeast Asian snake; the 'temple' nickname comes from a well-known site, not every habitat."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tropidolaemus-wagleri/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tropidolaemus-wagleri/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tropidolaemus-wagleri/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tropidolaemus-wagleri/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2443722","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/30936"}},{"id":"species:trimeresurus-albolabris","scientificName":"Trimeresurus albolabris","name":{"id":"Ular Bangkai Laut (Trimeresurus albolabris)","en":"White-lipped Pit Viper"},"group":"reptile","family":"Viperidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8219807","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ular Bangkai Laut (Trimeresurus albolabris). Viper bibir-putih berbisa dan memiliki beberapa kerabat serupa; fotografi dari jarak aman serta lokasi lebih tepat daripada mencoba memegang ular untuk memastikan nama.","en":"White-lipped Pit Viper (Trimeresurus albolabris). The white-lipped pitviper is venomous and has lookalike relatives; safe-distance photographs and locality are better than handling for identification."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trimeresurus-albolabris/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trimeresurus-albolabris/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/trimeresurus-albolabris/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/trimeresurus-albolabris/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8219807","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/146506"}},{"id":"species:lamprolepis-smaragdina","scientificName":"Lamprolepis smaragdina","name":{"id":"Lamprolepis smaragdina","en":"Emerald Tree Skink"},"group":"reptile","family":"Scincidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5225525","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Sulawesi Tengah","en":"Records: Papua Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Sulawesi Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Lamprolepis smaragdina. Skink pohon zamrud berwarna hijau terang dan hidup di pepohonan; nama umum 'hijau' tidak cukup untuk membedakannya dari kadal hijau lain.","en":"Emerald Tree Skink (Lamprolepis smaragdina). The emerald tree skink is a bright green arboreal skink; green colour alone cannot distinguish it from other green lizards."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lamprolepis-smaragdina/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lamprolepis-smaragdina/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lamprolepis-smaragdina/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lamprolepis-smaragdina/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5225525","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/38302"}},{"id":"species:carcharhinus-melanopterus","scientificName":"Carcharhinus melanopterus","name":{"id":"Hiu karang sirip hitam","en":"Blacktip Reef Shark"},"group":"marine","family":"Carcharhinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2417981","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali","en":"Records: Papua Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Hiu karang sirip hitam (Carcharhinus melanopterus). Hiu karang sirip-hitam memiliki ujung gelap pada beberapa sirip, terutama sirip punggung pertama; ia berbeda dari hiu sirip-putih karang.","en":"Blacktip Reef Shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus). The blacktip reef shark has dark tips on several fins, especially the first dorsal fin; it differs from the whitetip reef shark."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/carcharhinus-melanopterus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/carcharhinus-melanopterus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/carcharhinus-melanopterus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/carcharhinus-melanopterus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2417981","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/67964"}},{"id":"species:taeniura-lymma","scientificName":"Taeniura lymma","name":{"id":"Taeniura lymma","en":"Bluespotted Fantail Ray"},"group":"marine","family":"Dasyatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5215810","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua Barat","en":"Records: Sulawesi Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Taeniura lymma. Pari ekor-pita berbintik biru hidup di kawasan terumbu Indo-Pasifik; pola bintik harus dibaca bersama bentuk cakram dan ekor untuk menghindari kekeliruan dengan maskray.","en":"Bluespotted Fantail Ray (Taeniura lymma). The bluespotted fantail ray inhabits Indo-Pacific reefs; blue spots should be checked with disc and tail shape to separate similar maskrays."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/taeniura-lymma/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/taeniura-lymma/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/taeniura-lymma/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/taeniura-lymma/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5215810","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/113735"}},{"id":"species:eucrossorhinus-dasypogon","scientificName":"Eucrossorhinus dasypogon","name":{"id":"Eucrossorhinus dasypogon","en":"Tasselled Wobbegong"},"group":"marine","family":"Orectolobidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2417535","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua Barat","en":"Records: Papua Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Eucrossorhinus dasypogon. Hiu karpet berjumbai berkamuflase di terumbu dangkal dekat Papua dan Australia utara; rumbai di sekitar kepala membantunya menyatu dengan dasar laut.","en":"Tasselled Wobbegong (Eucrossorhinus dasypogon). The tasselled wobbegong blends into shallow reef bottoms near New Guinea and northern Australia; branched head fringes add to its camouflage."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/eucrossorhinus-dasypogon/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eucrossorhinus-dasypogon/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/eucrossorhinus-dasypogon/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/eucrossorhinus-dasypogon/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2417535","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/63637"}},{"id":"species:triaenodon-obesus","scientificName":"Triaenodon obesus","name":{"id":"Triaenodon obesus","en":"Whitetip Reef Shark"},"group":"marine","family":"Carcharhinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2418054","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Triaenodon obesus. Hiu sirip-putih karang sering beristirahat dekat dasar terumbu; ujung putih pada sirip punggung dan ekor membantu membedakannya dari hiu sirip-hitam.","en":"Whitetip Reef Shark (Triaenodon obesus). The whitetip reef shark often rests near the reef bottom; white tips on the dorsal and tail fins separate it from blacktip reef sharks."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/triaenodon-obesus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/triaenodon-obesus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/triaenodon-obesus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/triaenodon-obesus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2418054","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/52314"}},{"id":"species:neotrygon-caeruleopunctata","scientificName":"Neotrygon caeruleopunctata","name":{"id":"Neotrygon caeruleopunctata","en":"Bluespotted Maskray"},"group":"marine","family":"Dasyatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9612495","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Lampung, Bengkulu","en":"Records: Bali, Lampung, Bengkulu"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Neotrygon caeruleopunctata. Pari topeng berbintik biru tergolong kompleks Neotrygon yang dipisahkan secara taksonomi; warna titik saja tidak memastikan spesies tanpa bentuk serta lokasi.","en":"Bluespotted Maskray (Neotrygon caeruleopunctata). The bluespotted maskray belongs to a taxonomically revised Neotrygon complex; blue spots alone do not establish species identity without form and locality."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neotrygon-caeruleopunctata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-caeruleopunctata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neotrygon-caeruleopunctata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-caeruleopunctata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9612495","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/786235"}},{"id":"species:hemiscyllium-freycineti","scientificName":"Hemiscyllium freycineti","name":{"id":"Cucut tekeh","en":"Indonesian Speckled Carpetshark"},"group":"marine","family":"Hemiscylliidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5215505","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua Barat","en":"Records: Papua Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Cucut tekeh (Hemiscyllium freycineti). Hiu karpet berbintik Indonesia diketahui dari perairan dangkal Raja Ampat; publikasi lama pernah memasukkan populasi yang kini dipisah menjadi spesies lain.","en":"Indonesian Speckled Carpetshark (Hemiscyllium freycineti). The Indonesian speckled carpetshark is known from shallow Raja Ampat waters; older accounts included populations now assigned to other species."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemiscyllium-freycineti/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemiscyllium-freycineti/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hemiscyllium-freycineti/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hemiscyllium-freycineti/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5215505","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/102599"}},{"id":"species:neotrygon-orientale","scientificName":"Neotrygon orientale","name":{"id":"Neotrygon orientale","en":"Oriental Bluespotted Maskray"},"group":"marine","family":"Dasyatidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Sulawesi Utara, Kalimantan Timur, Sulawesi Selatan","en":"Records: Sulawesi Utara, Kalimantan Timur, Sulawesi Selatan"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Neotrygon orientale. Pari topeng biru oriental tercatat di Indonesia dan beberapa negara Asia; sumber berbeda memakai bentuk nama orientale atau orientalis, sehingga rujukan takson perlu disebut.","en":"Oriental Bluespotted Maskray (Neotrygon orientale). The Oriental bluespotted maskray is reported from Indonesia and nearby countries; sources use orientale and orientalis spellings, so taxonomy should be cited."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neotrygon-orientale/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-orientale/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neotrygon-orientale/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-orientale/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9349663","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/786236"}},{"id":"species:neotrygon-moluccensis","scientificName":"Neotrygon moluccensis","name":{"id":"Neotrygon moluccensis","en":"Moluccan Bluespotted Maskray"},"group":"marine","family":"Dasyatidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua Barat, Maluku, Maluku Utara","en":"Records: Papua Barat, Maluku, Maluku Utara"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Neotrygon moluccensis. Pari topeng biru Maluku adalah anggota Neotrygon dengan cakupan takson yang sempit; catatan bintik biru umum tidak otomatis termasuk spesies ini.","en":"Moluccan Bluespotted Maskray (Neotrygon moluccensis). The Moluccan bluespotted maskray is a narrowly defined Neotrygon; generic blue-spotted ray records cannot automatically be assigned to it."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neotrygon-moluccensis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-moluccensis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neotrygon-moluccensis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neotrygon-moluccensis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9266510","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/1303398"}},{"id":"species:chiloscyllium-punctatum","scientificName":"Chiloscyllium punctatum","name":{"id":"Chiloscyllium punctatum","en":"Brown-banded Bamboo Shark"},"group":"marine","family":"Hemiscylliidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2417604","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali, Papua Barat","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali, Papua Barat"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Chiloscyllium punctatum. Hiu bambu belang-cokelat adalah hiu dasar Indo-Pasifik; pola gelang lebih menonjol pada hewan muda dan dapat berubah saat bertambah umur.","en":"Brown-banded Bamboo Shark (Chiloscyllium punctatum). The brownbanded bamboo shark is an Indo-Pacific bottom-dweller; banding is particularly noticeable in young animals and changes with age."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/chiloscyllium-punctatum/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chiloscyllium-punctatum/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/chiloscyllium-punctatum/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chiloscyllium-punctatum/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2417604","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/97441"}},{"id":"species:mobula-birostris","scientificName":"Mobula birostris","name":{"id":"Mobula birostris","en":"Oceanic Manta Ray"},"group":"marine","family":"Myliobatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9548142","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Papua Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali","en":"Records: Papua Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Mobula birostris. Pari manta samudra raksasa berbeda dari manta karang yang juga ada di Indonesia; ukuran, habitat, dan ciri tubuh harus dipakai bersama, bukan label 'manta' saja.","en":"Oceanic Manta Ray (Mobula birostris). The giant oceanic manta ray differs from Indonesia's reef manta; size, habitat and body characters should be considered together rather than the word 'manta' alone."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/mobula-birostris/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mobula-birostris/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/mobula-birostris/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mobula-birostris/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9548142","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/623966"}},{"id":"species:duttaphrynus-melanostictus","scientificName":"Duttaphrynus melanostictus","name":{"id":"Bangkong Kolong","en":"Asian Common Toad"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Bufonidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2422538","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Bangkong Kolong (Duttaphrynus melanostictus). Kodok buduk Asia memakai banyak habitat yang diubah manusia; penelitian genetik menunjukkan nama ini mungkin mencakup garis keturunan yang lebih rumit.","en":"Asian Common Toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus). Asian common toads use many human-modified habitats; genetic research suggests the name may encompass a more complex set of lineages."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/duttaphrynus-melanostictus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/duttaphrynus-melanostictus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/duttaphrynus-melanostictus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/duttaphrynus-melanostictus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2422538","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/62345"}},{"id":"species:polypedates-leucomystax","scientificName":"Polypedates leucomystax","name":{"id":"Polypedates leucomystax","en":"Common Southeast Asian Tree Frog"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Rhacophoridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2423785","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Yogyakarta","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Yogyakarta"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Polypedates leucomystax. Katak pohon Asia Tenggara membuat sarang busa di dekat air untuk telur; lokasi sarang perlu dibiarkan utuh saat pengamatan.","en":"Common Southeast Asian Tree Frog (Polypedates leucomystax). The Southeast Asian tree frog builds foam nests near water for its eggs; a nest site should be left undisturbed."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/polypedates-leucomystax/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/polypedates-leucomystax/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/polypedates-leucomystax/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/polypedates-leucomystax/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2423785","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/26592"}},{"id":"species:chalcorana-chalconota","scientificName":"Chalcorana chalconota","name":{"id":"Kongkang kolam","en":"Schlegel's Frog"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Ranidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/10886187","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Yogyakarta","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Yogyakarta"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kongkang kolam (Chalcorana chalconota). Kongkang Schlegel pernah dipakai sebagai nama bagi beberapa populasi katak sungai yang kemudian dipisah; identifikasi Sumatra dan Jawa memerlukan rujukan takson mutakhir.","en":"Schlegel's Frog (Chalcorana chalconota). Schlegel's frog once covered stream-frog populations later split into other species; Sumatran and Javan identifications need current taxonomy."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/chalcorana-chalconota/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chalcorana-chalconota/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/chalcorana-chalconota/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/chalcorana-chalconota/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/10886187","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:phrynoidis-asper","scientificName":"Phrynoidis asper","name":{"id":"Phrynoidis asper","en":"River Toad"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Bufonidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5785383","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Phrynoidis asper. Kodok sungai besar adalah Bufonidae Asia Tenggara; sebutan 'kodok raksasa' relatif terhadap kodok lokal lain, bukan ukuran baku semua individu.","en":"River Toad (Phrynoidis asper). The river toad is a Southeast Asian bufonid; 'giant' is a relative common name, not a fixed size for every individual."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/phrynoidis-asper/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/phrynoidis-asper/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/phrynoidis-asper/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/phrynoidis-asper/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5785383","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/476534"}},{"id":"species:hylarana-erythraea","scientificName":"Hylarana erythraea","name":{"id":"Hylarana erythraea","en":"Green Paddy Frog"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Ranidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2426893","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Riau, Kalimantan Timur","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Riau, Kalimantan Timur"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Hylarana erythraea. Katak hijau sawah dikenal dari Asia Tenggara dan pernah ditempatkan dalam genus Rana; habitat basahnya harus dibedakan dari bukti populasi atau status lokal.","en":"Green Paddy Frog (Hylarana erythraea). The green paddy frog occurs in Southeast Asia and formerly appeared under Rana; wetland observations do not measure local abundance or status."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hylarana-erythraea/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylarana-erythraea/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hylarana-erythraea/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hylarana-erythraea/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2426893","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/65574"}},{"id":"species:odorrana-hosii","scientificName":"Odorrana hosii","name":{"id":"Kongkang racun","en":"Poisonous Rock Frog"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Ranidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2427195","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Sumatera Utara","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Sumatera Utara"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kongkang racun (Odorrana hosii). Kongkang racun dikenal sebagai katak batu atau katak aliran di Asia Tenggara; nama umum tidak membenarkan penanganan tanpa pengetahuan spesies.","en":"Poisonous Rock Frog (Odorrana hosii). Hose's frog is associated with rocky stream settings in Southeast Asia; a common name is no reason to handle an unidentified frog."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/odorrana-hosii/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/odorrana-hosii/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/odorrana-hosii/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/odorrana-hosii/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2427195","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/66243"}},{"id":"species:fejervarya-cancrivora","scientificName":"Fejervarya cancrivora","name":{"id":"Kodok Sawah","en":"Crab-eating Frog"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Dicroglossidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2430433","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Riau, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Riau, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kodok Sawah (Fejervarya cancrivora). Katak pemakan kepiting dapat memakai habitat payau; studi salinitas menunjukkan toleransi berudu, tetapi batas uji laboratorium bukan izin memindahkannya ke air asin.","en":"Crab-eating Frog (Fejervarya cancrivora). Crab-eating frogs use brackish habitats; salinity studies document tadpole tolerance, but laboratory limits do not justify moving animals into seawater."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/fejervarya-cancrivora/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/fejervarya-cancrivora/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/fejervarya-cancrivora/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/fejervarya-cancrivora/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2430433","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/134935"}},{"id":"species:kaloula-baleata","scientificName":"Kaloula baleata","name":{"id":"Belentuk-pohon jawa","en":"Muller's Narrowmouth Frog"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Microhylidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2421649","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Bali","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Belentuk-pohon jawa (Kaloula baleata). Belentuk Jawa adalah katak bermulut sempit dari keluarga Microhylidae; bentuk tubuh membulat membantu pengenalan, tetapi kondisi kulit dan umur dapat mengubah tampilan.","en":"Muller's Narrowmouth Frog (Kaloula baleata). Müller's narrowmouth frog is a microhylid with a rounded body; skin condition and age can change its appearance."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kaloula-baleata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/kaloula-baleata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kaloula-baleata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/kaloula-baleata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2421649","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/24914"}},{"id":"species:leptobrachium-hasseltii","scientificName":"Leptobrachium hasseltii","name":{"id":"Katak-serasah mata-bara","en":"Hasselt's Toad"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Megophryidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2424701","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Yogyakarta","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Yogyakarta"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Katak-serasah mata-bara (Leptobrachium hasseltii). Katak-serasah Hasselt pernah menjadi nama luas bagi beberapa populasi Asia Tenggara; sumber takson terkini membatasi identifikasi pasti dan perlu dibandingkan dengan kerabat.","en":"Hasselt's Toad (Leptobrachium hasseltii). Hasselt's litter frog was once a broad name for Southeast Asian populations; current taxonomy narrows confident identification and calls for comparison with relatives."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/leptobrachium-hasseltii/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leptobrachium-hasseltii/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/leptobrachium-hasseltii/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leptobrachium-hasseltii/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2424701","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/24717"}},{"id":"species:orthetrum-sabina","scientificName":"Orthetrum sabina","name":{"id":"Capung-Sambar Hijau","en":"Slender Skimmer"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Libellulidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1428645","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Yogyakarta","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Yogyakarta"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Capung-Sambar Hijau (Orthetrum sabina). Capung sambar hijau tersebar luas dari Asia sampai Australia; pola hijau-hitam pada tubuh dan perilaku bertengger membantu pengenalan.","en":"Slender Skimmer (Orthetrum sabina). The slender skimmer ranges widely from Asia to Australia; its green-and-black pattern and perching behaviour aid recognition."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orthetrum-sabina/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/orthetrum-sabina/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/orthetrum-sabina/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/orthetrum-sabina/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1428645","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/107974"}},{"id":"species:hypolimnas-bolina","scientificName":"Hypolimnas bolina","name":{"id":"Hypolimnas bolina","en":"Great Eggfly"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Nymphalidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Bali","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Bali"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Hypolimnas bolina. Kupu-kupu eggfly besar memiliki perbedaan corak antara jantan dan betina; satu foto tidak selalu mewakili seluruh variasi populasi.","en":"Great Eggfly (Hypolimnas bolina). Great eggflies show sex-linked differences in wing pattern; one photograph cannot represent all population variation."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hypolimnas-bolina/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hypolimnas-bolina/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hypolimnas-bolina/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/hypolimnas-bolina/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1910629","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/70174"}},{"id":"species:oecophylla-smaragdina","scientificName":"Oecophylla smaragdina","name":{"id":"Rangrang","en":"Asian Weaver Ant"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Formicidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Rangrang (Oecophylla smaragdina). Semut rangrang merajut daun menjadi sarang menggunakan sutra yang dihasilkan larva; satu pohon dapat menampung beberapa sarang dari satu koloni.","en":"Asian Weaver Ant (Oecophylla smaragdina). Asian weaver ants join leaves into nests with silk produced by larvae; one colony can occupy several nests in a tree."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/oecophylla-smaragdina/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oecophylla-smaragdina/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/oecophylla-smaragdina/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oecophylla-smaragdina/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1317388","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/117293"}},{"id":"species:neurothemis-terminata","scientificName":"Neurothemis terminata","name":{"id":"Capung-Jala Lurus","en":"Straight-edge Red Parasol"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Libellulidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1427815","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Capung-Jala Lurus (Neurothemis terminata). Capung merah bersayap tepi-lurus dapat memakai lahan basah buatan dan tercatat luas dari Asia Tenggara sampai kawasan Nusa Tenggara.","en":"Straight-edge Red Parasol (Neurothemis terminata). The straight-edge red parasol can use artificial wetlands and ranges from Southeast Asia towards the Lesser Sundas."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neurothemis-terminata/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neurothemis-terminata/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neurothemis-terminata/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neurothemis-terminata/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1427815","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/107007"}},{"id":"species:neurothemis-ramburii","scientificName":"Neurothemis ramburii","name":{"id":"Capung-Jala Lekuk","en":"Red Percher"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Libellulidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Bali, Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta","en":"Records: Bali, Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Capung-Jala Lekuk (Neurothemis ramburii). Capung Neurothemis ramburii tergolong Libellulidae; identifikasi spesies memerlukan pola sayap dan tubuh, bukan warna merah secara umum.","en":"Red Percher (Neurothemis ramburii). Neurothemis ramburii is a libellulid; identification requires wing and body pattern rather than generic red colour."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neurothemis-ramburii/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neurothemis-ramburii/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/neurothemis-ramburii/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/neurothemis-ramburii/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1427789","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/107006"}},{"id":"species:diplacodes-trivialis","scientificName":"Diplacodes trivialis","name":{"id":"Capung-Tengger biru","en":"Chalky Percher"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Libellulidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1428428","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara Barat, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Timur","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara Barat, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Timur"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Capung-Tengger biru (Diplacodes trivialis). Capung tengger biru sering terlihat bertengger rendah; jantan dewasa dapat berwarna berbeda dari betina dan individu muda.","en":"Chalky Percher (Diplacodes trivialis). The chalky percher is often seen low to the ground; mature males can differ in colour from females and young individuals."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/diplacodes-trivialis/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/diplacodes-trivialis/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/diplacodes-trivialis/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/diplacodes-trivialis/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1428428","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/99331"}},{"id":"species:junonia-orithya","scientificName":"Junonia orithya","name":{"id":"Junonia orithya","en":"Blue Pansy"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Nymphalidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5130464","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Aceh","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Aceh"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Junonia orithya. Kupu-kupu Junonia orithya memiliki nama umum berbeda antarkawasan dan banyak subspesies; pola mata sayap dan lokasi perlu dicatat bersama.","en":"Blue Pansy (Junonia orithya). Junonia orithya has region-dependent common names and many subspecies; wing eyespots and locality should be recorded together."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/junonia-orithya/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/junonia-orithya/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/junonia-orithya/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/junonia-orithya/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5130464","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/51566"}},{"id":"species:papilio-memnon","scientificName":"Papilio memnon","name":{"id":"Kupu kupu pastur","en":"Great Mormon Swallowtail"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Papilionidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Bali, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kupu kupu pastur (Papilio memnon). Kupu-kupu pastur besar memiliki betina dengan beberapa bentuk warna, termasuk bentuk yang meniru spesies lain; jangan mengira semua bentuk adalah takson berbeda.","en":"Great Mormon Swallowtail (Papilio memnon). Female great Mormon swallowtails occur in several colour forms, including mimics; these forms should not automatically be treated as different species."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/papilio-memnon/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/papilio-memnon/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/papilio-memnon/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/papilio-memnon/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1937892","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/133442"}},{"id":"species:crocothemis-servilia","scientificName":"Crocothemis servilia","name":{"id":"Capung-Sambar Garis-Hitam","en":"Scarlet Skimmer"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Libellulidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1427734","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Catatan: Nusa Tenggara Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Nusa Tenggara Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Capung-Sambar Garis-Hitam (Crocothemis servilia). Capung sambar merah berasal dari Asia timur dan tenggara, dengan populasi introduksi di tempat lain; jantan merah tidak mewakili warna semua umur.","en":"Scarlet Skimmer (Crocothemis servilia). Scarlet skimmers are native to East and Southeast Asia with introductions elsewhere; red males do not represent every age or sex."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/crocothemis-servilia/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crocothemis-servilia/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/crocothemis-servilia/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crocothemis-servilia/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1427734","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/52055"}},{"id":"species:papilio-demoleus","scientificName":"Papilio demoleus","name":{"id":"Kupu-kupu jeruk","en":"Lime Swallowtail"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Papilionidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Catatan: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah","en":"Records: Jawa Barat, Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Kupu-kupu jeruk (Papilio demoleus). Kupu-kupu jeruk memakai tumbuhan jeruk sebagai salah satu inang ulat; catatan di kebun sebaiknya membedakan telur, ulat, dan kupu-kupu dewasa.","en":"Lime Swallowtail (Papilio demoleus). Lime swallowtails use citrus among larval host plants; garden records should distinguish eggs, caterpillars and adult butterflies."},"updated":"2026-09-23","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/papilio-demoleus/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/papilio-demoleus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/papilio-demoleus/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/papilio-demoleus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1938069","inaturalist":"https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/51583"}},{"id":"species:malayan-pit-viper","scientificName":"Calloselasma rhodostoma","name":{"id":"Ular tanah","en":"Malayan pit viper"},"group":"reptile","family":"Viperidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2443815","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Jawa, Karimunjawa, dan Kangean","en":"Java, Karimunjawa and Kangean"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Ular tanah (Calloselasma rhodostoma) adalah viper berbisa hemotoksik dari Jawa yang bersembunyi di serasah dan cenderung diam saat didekati.","en":"The Malayan pit viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma) is a haemotoxic viper of Java that hides in leaf litter and tends to stay still when approached."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-tanah/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-pit-viper/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-tanah/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-pit-viper/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2443815","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:white-rumped-shama","scientificName":"Copsychus malabaricus","name":{"id":"Murai batu","en":"White-rumped shama"},"group":"bird","family":"Muscicapidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2492675","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera dan pulau-pulau di sekitarnya, Kalimantan, dan Jawa (di Jawa kini sangat langka di alam)","en":"Sumatra and nearby islands, Borneo and Java (now very rare in the wild on Java)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Murai batu (Copsychus malabaricus) adalah burung kicau hutan bersuara merdu yang populasinya di Indonesia merosot akibat penangkapan untuk perdagangan.","en":"The white-rumped shama (Copsychus malabaricus) is a forest songbird with a rich song whose Indonesian populations have fallen through trapping for trade."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/murai-batu/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/white-rumped-shama/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/murai-batu/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/white-rumped-shama/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2492675","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:straw-headed-bulbul","scientificName":"Pycnonotus zeylanicus","name":{"id":"Cucak rawa","en":"Straw-headed bulbul"},"group":"bird","family":"Pycnonotidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis (Critically Endangered)","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486118","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Kalimantan (sisa populasi di daerah terpencil) dan mungkin Sumatera; sudah punah di Jawa","en":"Borneo (remnant populations in remote areas) and possibly Sumatra; extinct on Java"},"habitats":["habitat:freshwater-wetlands","habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Cucak rawa (Pycnonotus zeylanicus) adalah cucak besar berkepala kuning jerami yang kini berstatus Kritis akibat penangkapan untuk perdagangan burung.","en":"The straw-headed bulbul (Pycnonotus zeylanicus) is a large, straw-crowned bulbul now Critically Endangered because of trapping for the bird trade."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cucak-rawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/straw-headed-bulbul/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cucak-rawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/straw-headed-bulbul/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486118","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sooty-headed-bulbul","scientificName":"Pycnonotus aurigaster","name":{"id":"Kutilang","en":"Sooty-headed bulbul"},"group":"bird","family":"Pycnonotidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486121","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Jawa dan Bali (asli); hasil introduksi di Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan Sulawesi","en":"Java and Bali (native); introduced to Sumatra, Borneo and Sulawesi"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Kutilang (Pycnonotus aurigaster) adalah burung cucak berkepala hitam asli Jawa dan Bali yang umum di kebun dan kota, tetapi banyak ditangkap untuk dijual.","en":"The sooty-headed bulbul (Pycnonotus aurigaster) is a black-capped bulbul native to Java and Bali, common in gardens and towns but widely trapped for sale."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kutilang/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sooty-headed-bulbul/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kutilang/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sooty-headed-bulbul/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2486121","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:oriental-magpie-robin","scientificName":"Copsychus saularis","name":{"id":"Kacer","en":"Oriental magpie-robin"},"group":"bird","family":"Muscicapidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2492680","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, dan Kalimantan (di Jawa dan Bali kini jarang di alam)","en":"Sumatra, Java, Bali and Borneo (now rare in the wild on Java and Bali)"},"habitats":["habitat:urban","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Kacer atau kucica kampung (Copsychus saularis) adalah burung kicau hitam-putih yang dulu umum di Jawa, tetapi kini jarang di alam akibat penangkapan.","en":"The oriental magpie-robin (Copsychus saularis) is a black-and-white songbird that was once common on Java but is now rare there because of trapping."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kacer/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oriental-magpie-robin/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kacer/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/oriental-magpie-robin/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2492680","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:common-hill-myna","scientificName":"Gracula religiosa","name":{"id":"Beo","en":"Common hill myna"},"group":"bird","family":"Sturnidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2488999","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Kalimantan, Jawa, dan Bali, termasuk Pulau Enggano (di Jawa dan Bali kini sulit ditemui di alam)","en":"Sumatra, Borneo, Java and Bali, including Enggano Island (now hard to find in the wild on Java and Bali)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Beo atau tiong emas (Gracula religiosa) adalah burung jalak hitam mengilap bergelambir kuning yang terkenal pandai menirukan suara manusia.","en":"The common hill myna (Gracula religiosa) is a glossy black myna with yellow wattles, famous for its ability to mimic human speech."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/beo/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/common-hill-myna/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/beo/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/common-hill-myna/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2488999","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:black-winged-myna","scientificName":"Acridotheres melanopterus","name":{"id":"Jalak putih","en":"Black-winged myna"},"group":"bird","family":"Sturnidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5845376","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Jawa, Bali, Madura, dan Nusa Penida (endemik Indonesia)","en":"Java, Bali, Madura and Nusa Penida (endemic to Indonesia)"},"habitats":["habitat:savanna"],"summary":{"id":"Jalak putih (Acridotheres melanopterus) adalah jalak putih bersayap hitam endemik Jawa dan Bali yang nyaris punah di alam akibat perdagangan burung.","en":"The black-winged myna (Acridotheres melanopterus) is a white, black-winged starling endemic to Java and Bali, almost wiped out in the wild by the bird trade."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/jalak-putih/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-winged-myna/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/jalak-putih/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-winged-myna/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5845376","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:rhinoceros-hornbill","scientificName":"Buceros rhinoceros","name":{"id":"Rangkong badak","en":"Rhinoceros hornbill"},"group":"bird","family":"Bucerotidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2476004","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, dan Kalimantan","en":"Sumatra, Java and Borneo (Kalimantan)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Rangkong badak (Buceros rhinoceros) adalah rangkong besar bercula merah-jingga dari hutan Sumatera, Jawa, dan Kalimantan; berstatus Rentan.","en":"The rhinoceros hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros) is a large hornbill with an upturned orange-red casque, found in Sumatra, Java and Borneo; Vulnerable."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rangkong-badak/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhinoceros-hornbill/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rangkong-badak/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rhinoceros-hornbill/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2476004","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:greater-bird-of-paradise","scientificName":"Paradisaea apoda","name":{"id":"Cenderawasih besar","en":"Greater bird-of-paradise"},"group":"bird","family":"Paradisaeidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2494862","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Kepulauan Aru (Maluku) dan dataran rendah selatan Papua","en":"Aru Islands (Maluku) and the southern lowlands of Papua"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Cenderawasih besar (Paradisaea apoda) adalah cenderawasih berbulu hias kuning dari Kepulauan Aru dan dataran rendah selatan Papua.","en":"The greater bird-of-paradise (Paradisaea apoda) is a yellow-plumed bird-of-paradise of the Aru Islands and the southern lowlands of New Guinea."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cenderawasih-besar/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/greater-bird-of-paradise/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cenderawasih-besar/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/greater-bird-of-paradise/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2494862","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:victoria-crowned-pigeon","scientificName":"Goura victoria","name":{"id":"Mambruk Victoria","en":"Victoria crowned pigeon"},"group":"bird","family":"Columbidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495204","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Papua bagian utara, Pulau Yapen, dan Biak-Supiori","en":"Northern Papua, Yapen and Biak-Supiori"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Mambruk Victoria (Goura victoria) adalah merpati raksasa berjambul renda biru dari hutan dataran rendah Papua utara, Yapen, dan Biak.","en":"The Victoria crowned pigeon (Goura victoria) is a giant pigeon with a lacy blue crest, living in lowland forest in northern Papua, Yapen and Biak."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/mambruk-victoria/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/victoria-crowned-pigeon/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/mambruk-victoria/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/victoria-crowned-pigeon/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2495204","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:palm-cockatoo","scientificName":"Probosciger aterrimus","name":{"id":"Kakatua raja","en":"Palm cockatoo"},"group":"bird","family":"Psittacidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479187","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Papua (termasuk Misool) dan Kepulauan Aru","en":"Papua (including Misool) and the Aru Islands"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:savanna"],"summary":{"id":"Kakatua raja (Probosciger aterrimus) adalah kakatua hitam besar berpipi merah dari Papua dan Kepulauan Aru yang dikenal menabuh ‘drum’.","en":"The palm cockatoo (Probosciger aterrimus) is a large black cockatoo with red cheek patches from New Guinea and the Aru Islands, known for drumming."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kakatua-raja/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/palm-cockatoo/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kakatua-raja/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/palm-cockatoo/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479187","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:flores-hawk-eagle","scientificName":"Nisaetus floris","name":{"id":"Elang Flores","en":"Flores hawk-eagle"},"group":"bird","family":"Accipitridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5788507","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Lombok, Sumbawa, Komodo, Rinca, Flores, dan Alor (Nusa Tenggara)","en":"Lombok, Sumbawa, Komodo, Rinca, Flores and Alor (Nusa Tenggara)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Elang Flores (Nisaetus floris) adalah elang hutan berkepala putih yang endemik Nusa Tenggara, dari Lombok hingga Alor, dan berstatus Genting.","en":"The Flores hawk-eagle (Nisaetus floris) is a white-headed forest eagle endemic to Nusa Tenggara, from Lombok to Alor, and listed as Endangered."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/elang-flores/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/flores-hawk-eagle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/elang-flores/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/flores-hawk-eagle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5788507","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:barn-owl","scientificName":"Tyto alba","name":{"id":"Serak Jawa","en":"Barn owl"},"group":"bird","family":"Tytonidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2497921","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Tersebar luas di Indonesia, termasuk Sumatera dan Jawa","en":"Widespread in Indonesia, including Sumatra and Java"},"habitats":["habitat:urban","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Serak Jawa (Tyto alba) adalah burung hantu berwajah putih berbentuk hati yang memangsa tikus di sawah, kebun sawit, dan permukiman.","en":"The barn owl (Tyto alba) is a pale, heart-faced owl that hunts rats in rice fields, oil palm plantations and villages across Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/serak-jawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/barn-owl/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/serak-jawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/barn-owl/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2497921","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:javan-mouse-deer","scientificName":"Tragulus javanicus","name":{"id":"Kancil jawa","en":"Javan mouse-deer"},"group":"mammal","family":"Tragulidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"DD","label":{"id":"Kurang data (Data Deficient)","en":"Data Deficient"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5220187","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Jawa dan beberapa pulau kecil di sekitarnya","en":"Java and a few small nearby islands"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kancil jawa (Tragulus javanicus) adalah pelanduk mungil tanpa tanduk yang hanya hidup di hutan Pulau Jawa dan dilindungi di Indonesia.","en":"The Javan mouse-deer (Tragulus javanicus) is a tiny, antlerless chevrotain found only in the forests of Java, where it is a protected species."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kancil-jawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-mouse-deer/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kancil-jawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-mouse-deer/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5220187","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:southern-red-muntjac","scientificName":"Muntiacus muntjak","name":{"id":"Kijang muncak","en":"Southern red muntjac"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cervidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440943","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Kalimantan, Jawa, Bali, Lombok, dan banyak pulau kecil","en":"Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Bali, Lombok and many smaller islands"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kijang muncak (Muntiacus muntjak) adalah rusa kecil bertanduk pendek dan bertaring yang hidup di Sumatera, Kalimantan, Jawa, Bali, dan Lombok.","en":"The southern red muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) is a small deer with short antlers and tusks, found in Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Bali and Lombok."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kijang-muncak/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/southern-red-muntjac/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kijang-muncak/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/southern-red-muntjac/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440943","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sambar-deer","scientificName":"Rusa unicolor","name":{"id":"Rusa sambar","en":"Sambar deer"},"group":"mammal","family":"Cervidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7261386","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Kalimantan, Bangka, Nias, dan Kepulauan Mentawai","en":"Sumatra, Borneo, Bangka, Nias and the Mentawai Islands"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Rusa sambar (Rusa unicolor) adalah rusa terbesar di Indonesia, hidup di hutan Sumatera dan Kalimantan, berstatus Rentan, dan dilindungi.","en":"The sambar (Rusa unicolor) is Indonesia's largest deer, found in the forests of Sumatra and Borneo; it is Vulnerable and protected in Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rusa-sambar/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sambar-deer/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/rusa-sambar/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sambar-deer/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7261386","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:binturong","scientificName":"Arctictis binturong","name":{"id":"Binturong","en":"Binturong"},"group":"mammal","family":"Viverridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2434615","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Kalimantan, Jawa, Bangka, dan Nias","en":"Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Bangka and Nias"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Binturong (Arctictis binturong) adalah musang terbesar, berekor pemegang dan hidup di pohon di hutan Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan Jawa.","en":"The binturong (Arctictis binturong) is the largest civet, a tree-dwelling mammal with a gripping tail, found in the forests of Sumatra, Borneo and Java."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/binturong/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/binturong/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/binturong/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/binturong/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2434615","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:asian-small-clawed-otter","scientificName":"Aonyx cinereus","name":{"id":"Berang-berang cakar kecil","en":"Asian small-clawed otter"},"group":"mammal","family":"Mustelidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, dan Kalimantan","en":"Sumatra, Java and Borneo"},"habitats":["habitat:freshwater-wetlands","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Berang-berang cakar kecil (Aonyx cinereus) adalah berang-berang terkecil di dunia yang hidup berkelompok di sungai, sawah, dan mangrove di Indonesia.","en":"The Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus) is the world's smallest otter, living in family groups in rivers, rice fields and mangroves in Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/berang-berang-cakar-kecil/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-small-clawed-otter/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/berang-berang-cakar-kecil/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-small-clawed-otter/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2433894","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sunda-slow-loris","scientificName":"Nycticebus coucang","name":{"id":"Kukang sunda","en":"Sunda slow loris"},"group":"mammal","family":"Lorisidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436629","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Kepulauan Riau, dan Kepulauan Natuna","en":"Sumatra, the Riau Islands and the Natuna Islands"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kukang sunda (Nycticebus coucang) adalah primata malam yang lambat dan berbisa di Sumatera, terancam perdagangan hewan peliharaan, dan dilindungi.","en":"The Sunda slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) is a slow, venomous nocturnal primate of Sumatra, threatened by the pet trade and protected in Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kukang-sunda/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-slow-loris/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kukang-sunda/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-slow-loris/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2436629","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:mountain-anoa","scientificName":"Bubalus quarlesi","name":{"id":"Anoa pegunungan","en":"Mountain anoa"},"group":"mammal","family":"Bovidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7846959","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sulawesi dan Pulau Buton","en":"Sulawesi and Buton Island"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Anoa pegunungan (Bubalus quarlesi) adalah kerbau liar kerdil endemik Sulawesi dan Buton, lebih kecil dan berbulu lebih lebat daripada anoa dataran rendah.","en":"The mountain anoa (Bubalus quarlesi) is a dwarf wild buffalo endemic to Sulawesi and Buton, smaller and shaggier than the lowland anoa."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/anoa-pegunungan/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mountain-anoa/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/anoa-pegunungan/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/mountain-anoa/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7846959","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:marbled-cat","scientificName":"Pardofelis marmorata","name":{"id":"Kucing batu","en":"Marbled cat"},"group":"mammal","family":"Felidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2435089","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera dan Kalimantan","en":"Sumatra and Borneo (Kalimantan)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kucing batu (Pardofelis marmorata) adalah kucing liar kecil bercorak marmer dengan ekor lebat yang sangat panjang, penghuni hutan Sumatera dan Kalimantan.","en":"The marbled cat (Pardofelis marmorata) is a small, marble-patterned wild cat with a very long, bushy tail, living in the forests of Sumatra and Borneo."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kucing-batu/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/marbled-cat/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kucing-batu/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/marbled-cat/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2435089","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:agile-gibbon","scientificName":"Hylobates agilis","name":{"id":"Owa ungko","en":"Agile gibbon"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hylobatidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219550","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, di selatan Danau Toba","en":"Sumatra, south of Lake Toba"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Owa ungko (Hylobates agilis) adalah kera kecil tanpa ekor penghuni tajuk hutan Sumatera, dikenal dari pita alis putih dan nyanyian pagi harinya.","en":"The agile gibbon (Hylobates agilis) is a tailless small ape of Sumatra's forest canopy, known for its white brow band and its dawn songs."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/owa-ungko/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/agile-gibbon/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/owa-ungko/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/agile-gibbon/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219550","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:bearded-pig","scientificName":"Sus barbatus","name":{"id":"Babi berjenggot","en":"Bearded pig"},"group":"mammal","family":"Suidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441222","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Kalimantan dan Sumatera","en":"Borneo (Kalimantan) and Sumatra"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Babi berjenggot (Sus barbatus) adalah babi liar berjanggut lebat dari hutan Kalimantan dan Sumatera, terkenal dengan migrasi massal mengikuti musim buah.","en":"The bearded pig (Sus barbatus) is a wild pig with a bristly facial beard from the forests of Borneo and Sumatra, known for mass migrations that follow fruiting."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/babi-berjenggot/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bearded-pig/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/babi-berjenggot/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/bearded-pig/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441222","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:smooth-coated-otter","scientificName":"Lutrogale perspicillata","name":{"id":"Berang-berang wregul","en":"Smooth-coated otter"},"group":"mammal","family":"Mustelidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2433686","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, dan Kalimantan","en":"Sumatra, Java and Borneo (Kalimantan)"},"habitats":["habitat:freshwater-wetlands","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Berang-berang wregul (Lutrogale perspicillata) adalah berang-berang terbesar di Indonesia, berbulu pendek licin, hidup berkelompok di sungai, rawa, dan bakau.","en":"The smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) is Indonesia's largest otter, with short sleek fur, living in family groups in rivers, swamps and mangroves."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/berang-berang-wregul/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/smooth-coated-otter/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/berang-berang-wregul/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/smooth-coated-otter/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2433686","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:malay-civet","scientificName":"Viverra tangalunga","name":{"id":"Musang tenggalung","en":"Malay civet"},"group":"mammal","family":"Viverridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219330","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Kalimantan, dan pulau-pulau sekitarnya; introduksi di Sulawesi dan Maluku","en":"Sumatra, Borneo and nearby islands; introduced to Sulawesi and Maluku"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Musang tenggalung (Viverra tangalunga) adalah musang darat bertotol hitam dengan ekor belang hitam-putih, umum di hutan Sumatera dan Kalimantan.","en":"The Malay civet (Viverra tangalunga) is a ground-dwelling, black-spotted civet with a black-and-white banded tail, common in the forests of Sumatra and Borneo."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/musang-tenggalung/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malay-civet/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/musang-tenggalung/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malay-civet/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219330","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:leatherback-turtle","scientificName":"Dermochelys coriacea","name":{"id":"Penyu belimbing","en":"Leatherback turtle"},"group":"marine","family":"Dermochelyidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9789983","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Papua Barat Daya (Tambrauw) dan Maluku (Kepulauan Kei dan Pulau Buru)","en":"Southwest Papua (Tambrauw) and Maluku (Kei Islands and Buru)"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Penyu belimbing (Dermochelys coriacea) adalah penyu terbesar di dunia, bercangkang kulit, dan bertelur terutama di Tambrauw, Papua Barat Daya.","en":"The leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) is the world's largest turtle, with a leathery shell; in Indonesia it nests mainly in Tambrauw, Southwest Papua."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-belimbing/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leatherback-turtle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-belimbing/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/leatherback-turtle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9789983","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:indonesian-coelacanth","scientificName":"Latimeria menadoensis","name":{"id":"Ikan raja laut","en":"Indonesian coelacanth"},"group":"marine","family":"Latimeriidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441276","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sulawesi Utara, Gorontalo, Maluku Utara, Raja Ampat, dan Biak (Papua)","en":"North Sulawesi, Gorontalo, North Maluku, Raja Ampat and Biak (Papua)"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Ikan raja laut (Latimeria menadoensis) adalah coelacanth Indonesia, ikan purba bersirip lobus dari laut dalam Sulawesi hingga Papua.","en":"The Indonesian coelacanth (Latimeria menadoensis) is a rare, deep-water lobe-finned fish known from Sulawesi to Papua, first recognised in 1997."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ikan-raja-laut/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/indonesian-coelacanth/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ikan-raja-laut/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/indonesian-coelacanth/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441276","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:scalloped-hammerhead-shark","scientificName":"Sphyrna lewini","name":{"id":"Hiu martil","en":"Scalloped hammerhead shark"},"group":"marine","family":"Sphyrnidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis (Critically Endangered)","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2418789","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Samudra Hindia, Selat Sunda, Laut Jawa, perairan Kalimantan, Laut Cina Selatan, Sulawesi, Maluku, dan Papua","en":"Indian Ocean, Sunda Strait, Java Sea, Borneo waters, South China Sea, Sulawesi, Maluku and Papua"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Hiu martil (Sphyrna lewini) adalah hiu berkepala seperti palu dengan lekukan di tengah, tersebar di laut Indonesia dan berstatus Kritis menurut IUCN.","en":"The scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini) is a hammer-headed shark with a notched snout, found across Indonesian seas and listed as Critically Endangered."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hiu-martil/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/scalloped-hammerhead-shark/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hiu-martil/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/scalloped-hammerhead-shark/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2418789","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:humphead-wrasse","scientificName":"Cheilinus undulatus","name":{"id":"Ikan napoleon","en":"Humphead wrasse"},"group":"marine","family":"Labridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2383313","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Kepulauan Riau (Natuna, Anambas), Kepulauan Seribu, Karimunjawa, Bangka Belitung, Derawan, Nunukan, Sulawesi, dan Wakatobi","en":"Riau Islands (Natuna, Anambas), Thousand Islands, Karimunjawa, Bangka Belitung, Derawan, Nunukan, Sulawesi and Wakatobi"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Ikan napoleon (Cheilinus undulatus) adalah wrasse terbesar di dunia, ikan karang berdahi menonjol yang terancam perdagangan ikan karang hidup.","en":"The humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus) is the largest wrasse, a hump-headed reef fish threatened by the live reef fish trade."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ikan-napoleon/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/humphead-wrasse/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ikan-napoleon/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/humphead-wrasse/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2383313","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:giant-clam","scientificName":"Tridacna gigas","name":{"id":"Kima raksasa","en":"Giant clam"},"group":"marine","family":"Cardiidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis (Critically Endangered)","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/4372619","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Raja Ampat, Teluk Cenderawasih, Sulawesi Utara (Manado), dan Kepulauan Kei; kini sangat langka","en":"Raja Ampat, Cenderawasih Bay, North Sulawesi (Manado) and the Kei Islands; now very rare"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Kima raksasa (Tridacna gigas) adalah kerang terbesar di dunia, hidup di terumbu karang dangkal, dan kini sangat langka di sebagian besar Indonesia.","en":"The giant clam (Tridacna gigas) is the world's largest bivalve, living on shallow coral reefs; it is now very rare across most of Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kima-raksasa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/giant-clam/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kima-raksasa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/giant-clam/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/4372619","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:spotted-seahorse","scientificName":"Hippocampus kuda","name":{"id":"Kuda laut","en":"Spotted seahorse"},"group":"marine","family":"Syngnathidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5201037","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Perairan pesisir Indonesia, antara lain Bintan (Kepulauan Riau) dan Teluk Lampung","en":"Indonesian coastal waters, including Bintan (Riau Islands) and Lampung Bay"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves","habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Kuda laut (Hippocampus kuda) adalah ikan kecil berkepala mirip kuda yang jantannya mengandung anak; hidup di lamun dan muara, dan banyak diperdagangkan.","en":"The spotted seahorse (Hippocampus kuda) is a small horse-headed fish whose males carry the young; it lives in seagrass and estuaries and is widely traded."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kuda-laut/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spotted-seahorse/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kuda-laut/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/spotted-seahorse/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5201037","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:false-gharial","scientificName":"Tomistoma schlegelii","name":{"id":"Buaya senyulong","en":"False gharial"},"group":"reptile","family":"Crocodylidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441378","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera dan Kalimantan, dengan catatan lama dari Jawa","en":"Sumatra and Kalimantan (Borneo), with old records from Java"},"habitats":["habitat:freshwater-wetlands","habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Buaya senyulong (Tomistoma schlegelii) adalah buaya bermoncong ramping penghuni rawa gambut Sumatera dan Kalimantan, berstatus Genting menurut IUCN.","en":"The false gharial (Tomistoma schlegelii) is a slender-snouted crocodilian of the peat swamps of Sumatra and Borneo, listed as Endangered by the IUCN."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/buaya-senyulong/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/false-gharial/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/buaya-senyulong/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/false-gharial/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441378","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:rote-island-snake-necked-turtle","scientificName":"Chelodina mccordi","name":{"id":"Kura-kura leher ular Rote","en":"Rote Island snake-necked turtle"},"group":"reptile","family":"Chelidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis (Critically Endangered)","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441956","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pulau Rote, Nusa Tenggara Timur","en":"Rote Island, East Nusa Tenggara"},"habitats":["habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Kura-kura leher ular Rote (Chelodina mccordi) adalah kura-kura air tawar dari Pulau Rote, NTT, yang Kritis setelah diburu untuk perdagangan satwa peliharaan.","en":"The Rote Island snake-necked turtle (Chelodina mccordi) is a freshwater turtle of Rote Island, NTT, left Critically Endangered by the pet trade."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kura-kura-leher-ular-rote/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rote-island-snake-necked-turtle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kura-kura-leher-ular-rote/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/rote-island-snake-necked-turtle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2441956","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:painted-terrapin","scientificName":"Batagur borneoensis","name":{"id":"Tuntong laut","en":"Painted terrapin"},"group":"reptile","family":"Geoemydidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"CR","label":{"id":"Kritis (Critically Endangered)","en":"Critically Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5789403","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera (Aceh dan Sumatera Utara) dan Kalimantan","en":"Sumatra (Aceh and North Sumatra) and Borneo"},"habitats":["habitat:mangroves","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Tuntong laut (Batagur borneoensis) adalah kura-kura muara dan mangrove yang Kritis; saat musim kawin kepala jantannya putih dengan garis merah.","en":"The painted terrapin (Batagur borneoensis) is a Critically Endangered estuary and mangrove turtle; breeding males show a white head with a red stripe."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tuntong-laut/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/painted-terrapin/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tuntong-laut/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/painted-terrapin/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5789403","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:pig-nosed-turtle","scientificName":"Carettochelys insculpta","name":{"id":"Labi-labi moncong babi","en":"Pig-nosed turtle"},"group":"reptile","family":"Carettochelyidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2442506","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Papua bagian selatan","en":"Southern Papua"},"habitats":["habitat:freshwater-wetlands","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Labi-labi moncong babi (Carettochelys insculpta) adalah kura-kura air tawar bermoncong mirip babi dari selatan Papua, terancam perdagangan tukik ilegal.","en":"The pig-nosed turtle (Carettochelys insculpta) is a flipper-limbed freshwater turtle of southern Papua, threatened by egg harvest and hatchling smuggling."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/labi-labi-moncong-babi/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pig-nosed-turtle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/labi-labi-moncong-babi/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/pig-nosed-turtle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2442506","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:crocodile-monitor","scientificName":"Varanus salvadorii","name":{"id":"Biawak Papua","en":"Crocodile monitor"},"group":"reptile","family":"Varanidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2470727","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Papua","en":"Papua (Indonesian New Guinea)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"Biawak Papua (Varanus salvadorii) adalah biawak pohon besar yang hanya hidup di Pulau Papua (Nugini), dengan ekor sangat panjang dan gigi bergerigi.","en":"The crocodile monitor (Varanus salvadorii) is a large tree-climbing monitor lizard found only on New Guinea, with a very long tail and serrated teeth."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/biawak-papua/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crocodile-monitor/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/biawak-papua/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crocodile-monitor/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2470727","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:wallaces-golden-birdwing","scientificName":"Ornithoptera croesus","name":{"id":"Kupu-kupu sayap burung Wallace","en":"Wallace's golden birdwing"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Papilionidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1937481","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Maluku Utara (Bacan, Halmahera, dan Morotai)","en":"North Maluku (Bacan, Halmahera and Morotai)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kupu-kupu sayap burung Wallace (Ornithoptera croesus) adalah kupu-kupu besar yang jantannya jingga keemasan dan hanya hidup di Maluku Utara.","en":"Wallace's golden birdwing (Ornithoptera croesus) is a large birdwing butterfly with an orange-gold male, found only in North Maluku, Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kupu-kupu-sayap-burung-wallace/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/wallaces-golden-birdwing/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kupu-kupu-sayap-burung-wallace/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/wallaces-golden-birdwing/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1937481","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sunda-king-cobra","scientificName":"Ophiophagus bungarus","name":{"id":"King kobra","en":"Sunda king cobra"},"group":"reptile","family":null,"rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, Bali, dan pulau-pulau sekitarnya","en":"Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Bali and nearby islands"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:mangroves"],"summary":{"id":"King kobra Sunda (Ophiophagus bungarus) adalah ular berbisa pemakan ular di Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, dan Bali, dipisahkan dari O. hannah pada 2024.","en":"The Sunda king cobra (Ophiophagus bungarus) is a venomous snake-eater of Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Bali, separated from O. hannah in 2024."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/king-kobra/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-king-cobra/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/king-kobra/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-king-cobra/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":null,"inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:javan-spitting-cobra","scientificName":"Naja sputatrix","name":{"id":"Ular kobra Jawa","en":"Javan spitting cobra"},"group":"reptile","family":"Elapidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2470370","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Jawa, Bali, dan Nusa Tenggara (Lombok hingga Alor)","en":"Java, Bali and Nusa Tenggara (Lombok to Alor)"},"habitats":["habitat:savanna","habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Ular kobra Jawa (Naja sputatrix) adalah kobra penyembur berbisa dari Jawa, Bali, dan Nusa Tenggara yang sering masuk ke permukiman.","en":"The Javan spitting cobra (Naja sputatrix) is a venomous spitting cobra of Java, Bali and Nusa Tenggara that often turns up around homes."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-kobra-jawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-spitting-cobra/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-kobra-jawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-spitting-cobra/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2470370","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:banded-krait","scientificName":"Bungarus fasciatus","name":{"id":"Ular welang","en":"Banded krait"},"group":"reptile","family":"Elapidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5226830","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, dan Bali","en":"Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Bali"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:freshwater-wetlands","habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Ular welang (Bungarus fasciatus) adalah krait berbisa neurotoksik dengan belang hitam-kuning melingkar penuh, di Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, dan Bali.","en":"The banded krait (Bungarus fasciatus) is a neurotoxic krait with full black-and-yellow rings, found in Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Bali."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-welang/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banded-krait/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-welang/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banded-krait/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5226830","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:malayan-krait","scientificName":"Bungarus candidus","name":{"id":"Ular weling","en":"Malayan krait"},"group":"reptile","family":"Elapidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5226820","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, dan Bali","en":"Sumatra, Java and Bali"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Ular weling (Bungarus candidus) adalah krait sangat berbisa bergaris hitam-putih dari Sumatera, Jawa, dan Bali yang aktif pada malam hari.","en":"The Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus) is a highly venomous black-and-white banded krait of Sumatra, Java and Bali that is active at night."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-weling/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-krait/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-weling/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-krait/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5226820","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:loggerhead-turtle","scientificName":"Caretta caretta","name":{"id":"Penyu tempayan","en":"Loggerhead turtle"},"group":"marine","family":"Cheloniidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8894817","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pulau Komodo, Kepulauan Seribu, Laut Jawa, dan perairan Indonesia timur","en":"Komodo Island, the Thousand Islands, the Java Sea and eastern Indonesian waters"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Penyu tempayan (Caretta caretta) adalah penyu laut berkepala besar yang sangat jarang dijumpai di Indonesia dan dilindungi penuh.","en":"The loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) is a big-headed sea turtle that is very rare in Indonesian waters and fully protected by law."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-tempayan/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/loggerhead-turtle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/penyu-tempayan/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/loggerhead-turtle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/8894817","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:indo-pacific-bottlenose-dolphin","scientificName":"Tursiops aduncus","name":{"id":"Lumba-lumba hidung botol Indo-Pasifik","en":"Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin"},"group":"marine","family":"Delphinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440455","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera Barat, Kalimantan Timur, Bali, dan Papua Barat","en":"West Sumatra, East Kalimantan, Bali and West Papua"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Lumba-lumba hidung botol Indo-Pasifik (Tursiops aduncus) adalah lumba-lumba pesisir berperut bertotol yang dilindungi penuh di Indonesia.","en":"The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) is a coastal dolphin with a spotted belly that is fully protected in Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lumba-lumba-hidung-botol-indo-pasifik/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/indo-pacific-bottlenose-dolphin/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lumba-lumba-hidung-botol-indo-pasifik/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/indo-pacific-bottlenose-dolphin/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2440455","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:crown-of-thorns-starfish","scientificName":"Acanthaster planci","name":{"id":"Bintang laut mahkota duri","en":"Crown-of-thorns starfish"},"group":"marine","family":"Acanthasteridae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Sulawesi, Kalimantan, dan Pulau Tunda (Banten)","en":"Sulawesi, Kalimantan and Tunda Island (Banten)"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Bintang laut mahkota duri (Acanthaster) adalah bintang laut pemakan karang berduri berbisa yang ledakan populasinya bisa merusak terumbu karang.","en":"The crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster) is a venomous, spiny, coral-eating starfish whose population outbreaks can devastate coral reefs."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/bintang-laut-mahkota-duri/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crown-of-thorns-starfish/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/bintang-laut-mahkota-duri/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crown-of-thorns-starfish/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2271208","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:greater-blue-ringed-octopus","scientificName":"Hapalochlaena lunulata","name":{"id":"Gurita cincin biru","en":"Greater blue-ringed octopus"},"group":"marine","family":"Octopodidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2289324","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Perairan dangkal Indonesia","en":"Shallow Indonesian waters"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Gurita cincin biru (Hapalochlaena lunulata) adalah gurita kecil bercincin biru yang gigitannya mengandung tetrodotoksin dan bisa mematikan manusia.","en":"The greater blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena lunulata) is a small octopus with blue rings whose bite carries tetrodotoxin and can kill a person."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gurita-cincin-biru/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/greater-blue-ringed-octopus/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/gurita-cincin-biru/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/greater-blue-ringed-octopus/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2289324","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:tiger-shark","scientificName":"Galeocerdo cuvier","name":{"id":"Hiu macan","en":"Tiger shark"},"group":"marine","family":"Carcharhinidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"NT","label":{"id":"Hampir terancam (Near Threatened)","en":"Near Threatened"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2418234","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Aceh, Nusa Tenggara Barat, dan Nusa Tenggara Timur","en":"Aceh, West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara"},"habitats":["habitat:coral-reefs"],"summary":{"id":"Hiu macan (Galeocerdo cuvier) adalah hiu besar bercorak loreng yang memangsa hampir apa saja dan termasuk hiu yang paling sering menggigit manusia.","en":"The tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) is a large striped shark that eats almost anything and is among the sharks most often involved in bites on people."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hiu-macan/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tiger-shark/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/hiu-macan/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/tiger-shark/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2418234","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:yellow-fever-mosquito","scientificName":"Aedes aegypti","name":{"id":"Nyamuk Aedes aegypti","en":"Yellow fever mosquito"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Culicidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Seluruh Nusantara, dari Aceh hingga Papua","en":"Throughout the archipelago, from Aceh to Papua"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Nyamuk Aedes aegypti adalah nyamuk hitam belang putih yang aktif siang hari dan menjadi penular utama virus dengue penyebab DBD di Indonesia.","en":"The yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) is a black-and-white, day-biting mosquito and the main carrier of dengue virus in Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/nyamuk-aedes-aegypti/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/yellow-fever-mosquito/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/nyamuk-aedes-aegypti/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/yellow-fever-mosquito/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1651891","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:black-rat","scientificName":"Rattus rattus","name":{"id":"Tikus rumah","en":"Black rat"},"group":"mammal","family":"Muridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2439270","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Permukiman, antara lain di Jawa, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, dan Sulawesi","en":"Settlements, including on Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara and Sulawesi"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Tikus rumah (Rattus rattus) adalah tikus pemanjat berekor panjang yang bersarang di plafon dan dinding rumah serta dapat menularkan leptospirosis.","en":"The black rat (Rattus rattus) is a long-tailed climbing rat that nests in ceilings and walls and can spread leptospirosis to people."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tikus-rumah/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-rat/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tikus-rumah/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-rat/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2439270","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:brown-rat","scientificName":"Rattus norvegicus","name":{"id":"Tikus got","en":"Brown rat"},"group":"mammal","family":"Muridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2439261","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Kota dan pelabuhan, antara lain di Jawa dan Sulawesi","en":"Towns and ports, including on Java and Sulawesi"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Tikus got (Rattus norvegicus) adalah tikus besar penggali liang yang hidup di selokan, permukiman, dan pelabuhan serta dapat menularkan leptospirosis.","en":"The brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) is a large burrowing rat of drains, settlements and ports, and one of the animals that spread leptospirosis."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tikus-got/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/brown-rat/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tikus-got/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/brown-rat/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2439261","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:asian-house-shrew","scientificName":"Suncus murinus","name":{"id":"Cecurut rumah","en":"Asian house shrew"},"group":"mammal","family":"Soricidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2435520","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Kepulauan Melayu; tercatat di permukiman Jawa","en":"Malay Archipelago; recorded in settlements on Java"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Cecurut rumah (Suncus murinus) adalah mamalia kecil pemakan serangga bermoncong runcing dan berbau musk; mirip tikus, tetapi bukan hewan pengerat.","en":"The Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus) is a small, musky, insect-eating mammal with a pointed snout; it looks like a rat but is not a rodent."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cecurut-rumah/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-house-shrew/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/cecurut-rumah/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-house-shrew/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2435520","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:american-cockroach","scientificName":"Periplaneta americana","name":{"id":"Kecoa Amerika","en":"American cockroach"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Blattidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Permukiman, antara lain di Sulawesi Tengah dan Kalimantan Tengah","en":"Settlements, including in Central Sulawesi and Central Kalimantan"},"habitats":["habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Kecoa Amerika (Periplaneta americana) adalah kecoa besar cokelat kemerahan penghuni selokan dan bangunan yang dapat membawa bakteri penyebab penyakit.","en":"The American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is a large reddish-brown cockroach of drains and buildings that can carry disease-causing bacteria."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kecoa-amerika/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/american-cockroach/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kecoa-amerika/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/american-cockroach/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2000152","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:asian-honey-bee","scientificName":"Apis cerana","name":{"id":"Lebah madu Asia","en":"Asian honey bee"},"group":"invertebrate","family":"Apidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan, dan Sulawesi; diintroduksi ke Papua","en":"Sumatra, Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan and Sulawesi; introduced to Papua"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Lebah madu Asia (Apis cerana) adalah lebah madu asli Indonesia yang bersarang di rongga, menyerbuki tanaman, dan dibudidayakan untuk madu.","en":"The Asian honey bee (Apis cerana) is a native Indonesian honey bee that nests in cavities, pollinates plants and is kept for honey."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lebah-madu-asia/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-honey-bee/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/lebah-madu-asia/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/asian-honey-bee/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/1341979","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:sunda-scops-owl","scientificName":"Otus lempiji","name":{"id":"Celepuk reban","en":"Sunda scops owl"},"group":"bird","family":"Strigidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7340194","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, dan Bali","en":"Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan (Borneo) and Bali"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Celepuk reban (Otus lempiji) adalah burung hantu kecil berjumbai telinga pendek penghuni hutan, kebun, dan taman kota di Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, dan Bali.","en":"The Sunda scops owl (Otus lempiji) is a small owl with short ear tufts that lives in forest, gardens and wooded parks in Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Bali."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/celepuk-reban/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-scops-owl/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/celepuk-reban/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/sunda-scops-owl/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7340194","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:crested-serpent-eagle","scientificName":"Spilornis cheela","name":{"id":"Elang ular bido","en":"Crested serpent eagle"},"group":"bird","family":"Accipitridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480433","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, dan Kalimantan","en":"Sumatra, Java, Bali and Kalimantan (Borneo)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:mangroves","habitat:savanna"],"summary":{"id":"Elang ular bido (Spilornis cheela) adalah elang berjambul pemangsa ular di tepi hutan Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, dan Kalimantan. Jenis ini dilindungi di Indonesia.","en":"The crested serpent eagle (Spilornis cheela) is a snake-eating eagle of forest edges in Sumatra, Java, Bali and Borneo, and is protected in Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/elang-ular-bido/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crested-serpent-eagle/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/elang-ular-bido/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/crested-serpent-eagle/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2480433","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:javan-pied-starling","scientificName":"Gracupica jalla","name":{"id":"Jalak suren","en":"Javan pied starling"},"group":"bird","family":"Sturnidae","rank":"species","conservation":null,"range":{"id":"Jawa dan Bali (kini kemungkinan punah di alam)","en":"Java and Bali (now possibly extinct in the wild)"},"habitats":["habitat:savanna"],"summary":{"id":"Jalak suren (Gracupica jalla) adalah jalak belang hitam-putih endemik Jawa dan Bali yang kemungkinan sudah punah di alam akibat perdagangan burung sangkar.","en":"The Javan pied starling (Gracupica jalla) is a black-and-white starling of Java and Bali that may now be extinct in the wild because of the cagebird trade."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/jalak-suren/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-pied-starling/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/jalak-suren/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/javan-pied-starling/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/7796151","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:salmon-crested-cockatoo","scientificName":"Cacatua moluccensis","name":{"id":"Kakatua Maluku","en":"Salmon-crested cockatoo"},"group":"bird","family":"Psittacidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"EN","label":{"id":"Genting (Endangered)","en":"Endangered"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479898","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pulau Seram dan Ambon, Maluku","en":"Seram and Ambon, Maluku"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kakatua Maluku (Cacatua moluccensis) adalah kakatua besar berjambul salem, endemik Seram dan Ambon, yang berstatus Genting akibat perburuan untuk perdagangan.","en":"The salmon-crested cockatoo (Cacatua moluccensis) is a large cockatoo endemic to Seram and Ambon in Maluku, listed as Endangered because of trapping for trade."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kakatua-maluku/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/salmon-crested-cockatoo/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kakatua-maluku/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/salmon-crested-cockatoo/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479898","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:black-capped-lory","scientificName":"Lorius lory","name":{"id":"Nuri kepala hitam","en":"Black-capped lory"},"group":"bird","family":"Psittacidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479418","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Tanah Papua, termasuk Raja Ampat, Biak, dan Yapen","en":"Indonesian New Guinea (Papua), including Raja Ampat, Biak and Yapen"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:freshwater-wetlands"],"summary":{"id":"Nuri kepala hitam (Lorius lory) adalah nuri merah bertopi hitam dari hutan Papua. Burung dilindungi ini termasuk yang paling banyak diburu untuk perdagangan.","en":"The black-capped lory (Lorius lory) is a red, black-capped parrot of Papua's forests. It is protected in Indonesia yet is among Papua's most-traded birds."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/nuri-kepala-hitam/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-capped-lory/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/nuri-kepala-hitam/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/black-capped-lory/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2479418","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:lesser-short-nosed-fruit-bat","scientificName":"Cynopterus brachyotis","name":{"id":"Codot krawar","en":"Lesser short-nosed fruit bat"},"group":"mammal","family":"Pteropodidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2432837","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, Kalimantan, dan Sulawesi","en":"Sumatra, Java, Bali, Kalimantan (Borneo) and Sulawesi"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:mangroves","habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Codot krawar (Cynopterus brachyotis) adalah kelelawar buah kecil yang umum di kota, kebun, dan hutan Indonesia, penyebar biji sekaligus penyerbuk bunga.","en":"The lesser short-nosed fruit bat (Cynopterus brachyotis) is a common small fruit bat of Indonesian towns and forests that spreads seeds and pollinates flowers."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/codot-krawar/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lesser-short-nosed-fruit-bat/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/codot-krawar/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/lesser-short-nosed-fruit-bat/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/2432837","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:philippine-slow-loris","scientificName":"Nycticebus menagensis","name":{"id":"Kukang Kalimantan","en":"Philippine slow loris"},"group":"mammal","family":"Lorisidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5786051","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Kalimantan, terutama pesisir utara dan timur (Kalimantan Timur)","en":"Borneo, mainly the northern and eastern coast (East Kalimantan)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Kukang Kalimantan (Nycticebus menagensis) adalah primata malam kecil berbisa dari pesisir timur Kalimantan yang terancam perdagangan satwa peliharaan.","en":"The Philippine slow loris (Nycticebus menagensis) is a small, venomous, nocturnal primate of coastal north and east Borneo, threatened by the pet trade."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kukang-kalimantan/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/philippine-slow-loris/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/kukang-kalimantan/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/philippine-slow-loris/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5786051","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:selayar-tarsier","scientificName":"Tarsius tarsier","name":{"id":"Tarsius Selayar","en":"Selayar tarsier"},"group":"mammal","family":"Tarsiidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"VU","label":{"id":"Rentan (Vulnerable)","en":"Vulnerable"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/4266949","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Pulau Selayar, Sulawesi Selatan","en":"Selayar Island, South Sulawesi"},"habitats":[],"summary":{"id":"Tarsius Selayar (Tarsius tarsier) adalah primata malam mungil yang hanya hidup di Pulau Selayar, Sulawesi Selatan, dan sering tidur di rumpun bambu berduri.","en":"The Selayar tarsier (Tarsius tarsier) is a tiny nocturnal primate found only on Selayar Island, South Sulawesi, often sleeping in thorny bamboo clumps."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tarsius-selayar/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/selayar-tarsier/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/tarsius-selayar/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/selayar-tarsier/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/4266949","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:malayan-porcupine","scientificName":"Hystrix brachyura","name":{"id":"Landak raya","en":"Malayan porcupine"},"group":"mammal","family":"Hystricidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219890","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera dan Kalimantan","en":"Sumatra and Borneo (Kalimantan)"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Landak raya (Hystrix brachyura) adalah hewan pengerat besar berduri dari Sumatera dan Kalimantan yang aktif malam hari dan banyak diburu untuk diperdagangkan.","en":"The Malayan porcupine (Hystrix brachyura) is a large, quilled, nocturnal rodent of Sumatra and Borneo that is widely hunted for meat and trade."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/landak-raya/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-porcupine/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/landak-raya/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/malayan-porcupine/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5219890","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:reinwardts-flying-frog","scientificName":"Rhacophorus reinwardtii","name":{"id":"Katak terbang Jawa","en":"Reinwardt's flying frog"},"group":"amphibian","family":"Rhacophoridae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5217267","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Jawa dan Sumatera bagian utara","en":"Java and northern Sumatra"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest"],"summary":{"id":"Katak terbang Jawa (Rhacophorus reinwardtii) adalah katak pohon hijau berselaput lebar dari hutan Jawa dan Sumatera yang bertelur di sarang busa.","en":"Reinwardt's flying frog (Rhacophorus reinwardtii) is a green, broadly webbed tree frog of the forests of Java and Sumatra that lays eggs in foam nests."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/katak-terbang-jawa/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/reinwardts-flying-frog/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/katak-terbang-jawa/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/reinwardts-flying-frog/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/5217267","inaturalist":null}},{"id":"species:banded-malaysian-coral-snake","scientificName":"Calliophis intestinalis","name":{"id":"Ular cabai kecil","en":"Banded Malaysian coral snake"},"group":"reptile","family":"Elapidae","rank":"species","conservation":{"code":"LC","label":{"id":"Risiko rendah (Least Concern)","en":"Least Concern"},"source":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9050371","curated":false,"checked":"2026-09-25"},"range":{"id":"Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, Kalimantan, dan Kepulauan Riau","en":"Sumatra, Java, Bali, Borneo (Kalimantan) and the Riau Islands"},"habitats":["habitat:rainforest","habitat:urban"],"summary":{"id":"Ular cabai kecil (Calliophis intestinalis) adalah ular karang kecil berbisa berekor merah dengan perut belang hitam-putih dari Sumatera, Jawa, dan Kalimantan.","en":"The banded Malaysian coral snake (Calliophis intestinalis) is a small venomous snake with a red tail and black-and-white belly from western Indonesia."},"updated":"2026-09-25","urls":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-cabai-kecil/","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banded-malaysian-coral-snake/","markdown":{"id":"https://panduanhewan.org/id/spesies/ular-cabai-kecil/index.md","en":"https://panduanhewan.org/en/species/banded-malaysian-coral-snake/index.md"}},"external":{"gbif":"https://www.gbif.org/species/9050371","inaturalist":null}}]}